The Squirrel Foot Fern (Davallia canariensis) is a captivating houseplant named for its unique, furry rhizomes that creep along the soil surface, resembling a tiny squirrel’s foot. Native to the Canary Islands and parts of Asia and Africa, this fern brings an exotic and natural aesthetic to indoor spaces.
Unique Characteristics
The Squirrel Foot Fern’s most striking feature is its fuzzy, creeping rhizomes. These scaly, hair-covered structures sprawl over the potting mix and often cascade over container edges, creating an engaging visual display. While Davallia canariensis typically has beige or golden rhizomes, other varieties like Davallia trichomanoides can display darker, silver, or brown hues. In contrast, the fern’s delicate, lacy fronds are finely chiseled, triangular, and a vibrant dark green, typically measuring 15 to 25 centimeters long.
Care Guide
Light
Squirrel Foot Ferns thrive in bright, indirect light conditions, mimicking their natural habitat beneath tree canopies. A north or east-facing window often provides suitable illumination. Avoid direct sunlight, as intense rays can scorch delicate fronds. While they tolerate lower light, consistent indirect light promotes healthier growth.
Watering
Maintain consistent moisture in the potting mix, but prevent overwatering. Allow the top inch of soil to dry slightly before watering again. Reduce frequency during cooler winter months as the plant’s growth naturally slows. Using non-calcareous water, such as rainwater or demineralized water, helps prevent mineral buildup that can harm the plant.
Humidity
High humidity is crucial for the overall health of Squirrel Foot Ferns. Regular misting of fronds and rhizomes helps meet their moisture requirements. Placing the plant on a pebble tray filled with water or using a room humidifier also creates a humid microclimate. Keep the fern away from cold drafts, heating vents, or air conditioners, as these rapidly dry the air.
Soil and Potting
A well-draining, airy potting mix with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6-7) is ideal for Squirrel Foot Ferns. Common blends include peat moss, perlite, and pine bark, or a mix of peat moss, sand, and regular potting soil. As epiphytic plants, their furry rhizomes should rest on top of the substrate, not be buried. A wider, shallower pot is beneficial to accommodate their spreading growth habit.
Temperature
Squirrel Foot Ferns thrive in moderate indoor temperatures, ideally ranging from 60 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit (15-24°C). They are sensitive to extreme cold; temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10°C) can cause damage. Maintain a stable environment, free from sudden temperature fluctuations, to ensure the fern’s well-being.
Fertilizing
During the active growing season (spring and summer), fertilize regularly. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half or quarter strength, every two to four weeks. Apply fertilizer during watering to ensure even distribution and prevent root burn. Reduce fertilization frequency during fall and winter when growth naturally slows.
Propagation and Repotting
Propagation
Propagate Squirrel Foot Ferns by dividing their rhizomes. Carefully separate a healthy rhizome section with at least one frond and some roots from the parent plant using a clean, sharp knife or scissors. Place this section on top of a well-draining potting mix, ensuring the rhizome is not buried. Maintaining high humidity around the cutting is beneficial for successful establishment.
Repotting
Repotting is necessary every two to three years, or when the plant becomes root-bound and its rhizomes outgrow the current container. Spring is an ideal time for repotting, allowing the plant to recover during its active growth period. Select a wider, shallower pot than the previous one, and handle delicate rhizomes with care. Fresh, well-draining soil replenishes nutrients and supports continued growth.
Common Problems and Solutions
Browning or crispy fronds often indicate insufficient humidity or underwatering. Increase ambient humidity through misting or using a humidifier, and adjust the watering schedule for consistent moisture without saturation.
Yellowing leaves may signal overwatering or a lack of nutrients. Check soil drainage and allow the top layer to dry between waterings to address overwatering. If nutrient deficiency is suspected, apply a light, diluted fertilizer during the growing season.
Stunted growth or pale leaves often point to inadequate light or insufficient nutrients. Move the fern to a brighter location with indirect light and ensure proper fertilization for vigorous growth.
Pests such as spider mites, mealybugs, thrips, aphids, and whiteflies can occasionally affect these ferns. Regular misting helps deter some pests, and consistent inspection allows for early detection and treatment.