Selaginella denticulata, known as Toothed Spikemoss or Mediterranean Clubmoss, is a delicate plant that adds a lush, ancient feel to indoor environments. Its distinctive appearance makes it a captivating addition for plant enthusiasts.
Understanding Selaginella denticulata
Selaginella denticulata has delicate, fern-like foliage and a creeping, mat-forming habit. Its small, ovate leaves are arranged in four rows along flattened stems, creating a toothed appearance, reflected in its scientific name. Classified as a spikemoss (family Selaginellaceae), it differs from true mosses or ferns despite superficial similarities.
This non-flowering vascular cryptogam reproduces via spores. It thrives naturally in moist, shaded environments like rocky terrains, riverbanks, and walls in subtropical regions, especially the Mediterranean basin, forming dense mats.
Caring for Selaginella denticulata
Light
Selaginella denticulata prefers bright, indirect light; direct sunlight will scorch its delicate foliage. An east or bright north-facing window provides suitable conditions. Indirect light helps maintain its vibrant green color and encourages growth.
Watering
Consistently moist soil is necessary for Selaginella denticulata to thrive, but avoid waterlogging. Keep the top 2-3 inches of soil moist, allowing the very top layer to dry slightly before rewatering. Do not let the soil dry out completely, as this can cause the plant to shrivel. Use room-temperature water to prevent shock.
Humidity
High humidity is crucial for Selaginella denticulata. While 60% humidity is tolerated, 70% or higher is more beneficial. Brown, crispy leaf tips indicate insufficient humidity. Increase humidity by placing the pot on a pebble tray, regular misting, or growing the plant in a terrarium. Combining it with other plants also creates a more humid microclimate.
Soil
A well-draining soil mix that retains moisture without becoming soggy is ideal. A blend of peat, perlite, and standard potting soil works effectively. Peat-moss based soils are suitable for their ability to hold water while providing adequate drainage. The plant prefers slightly acidic soil.
Temperature
Selaginella denticulata prefers moderate temperatures, thriving between 16°C and 24°C (61°F and 75°F). It can be grown indoors or outdoors if protected from extreme temperatures. The plant is not cold tolerant; prolonged exposure below 10°C (50°F) can be harmful.
Fertilization
Selaginella denticulata has modest nutritional requirements, benefiting from light feeding during its active growing season (spring and summer). Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 N-P-K), diluted to half strength, every 4-6 weeks. Avoid over-fertilization, as it can harm the plant. Fertilizing twice a year, such as in April and July, is sufficient.
Propagating Selaginella denticulata
Propagating Selaginella denticulata is done through stem cuttings or division, both benefiting from high humidity. For stem cuttings, take a healthy 4-5 inch stem section, remove lower leaves, and place it directly into moist, well-draining soil or sphagnum moss.
Consistent moisture and humidity enhance rooting; a covered container or mini-terrarium creates the necessary humid environment. For division, carefully separate a section of a mature plant with established roots and replant it. This method works well for larger plants.
Addressing Common Issues
Browning or crispy leaves indicate insufficient humidity or infrequent watering. Increase ambient humidity and ensure consistently moist, but not waterlogged, soil to alleviate these symptoms. Wilting or drooping foliage can signal underwatering or overwatering; check soil moisture.
While Selaginella is resistant to most pests, spider mites or mealybugs can affect them. Regular inspection and prompt organic treatment are recommended. If the plant lacks vigorous growth, it may need more light or diluted fertilizer during the growing season. Proper light and feeding support healthy development.
Ideal Placements for Selaginella denticulata
Selaginella denticulata thrives where its humidity and light needs are consistently met. Its delicate appearance makes it an excellent choice for terrariums or vivariums, as the enclosed environment naturally maintains high humidity. This contained space prevents the plant from drying out quickly, a common indoor challenge.
The plant also performs well in closed containers or cloches, which create a similar humid microclimate. In appropriate climates with consistently high humidity, Selaginella denticulata can be used as a groundcover in shaded outdoor areas. Its creeping habit and lush green foliage add distinctive texture and aesthetic appeal.