Scarletbell plants, also known as Scarlet Hawthorn (Crataegus coccinea), are popular ornamental plants known for their vibrant beauty and adaptability. They enhance gardens and landscapes, providing seasonal interest and ecological benefits.
Identifying Scarletbell
This deciduous tree or large shrub typically grows 20-25 feet (6 to 7.5 meters) tall and wide, forming a rounded canopy with dense branching. Its branches often have thorns up to 2 inches long.
Scarletbell leaves are ovate, about 3 inches long, dark green, and sometimes lobed with coarsely toothed edges. In autumn, foliage turns brilliant orange, scarlet, or purple. In late spring, typically May, the plant produces clusters of small, white flowers, which can have an unpleasant scent. These flowers develop into scarlet fruits, or “haws,” ripening from late summer to early fall and often persisting into winter, providing a food source for wildlife. Scarlet Hawthorn is hardy in USDA zones 4-7.
Planting Scarletbell
For healthy growth, plant Scarletbell in full sun, where it receives at least six hours of direct sunlight daily, though it tolerates partial shade. Ensure sufficient space for its mature size of 20-25 feet wide.
Scarletbell adapts to various soil conditions, preferring well-drained, moist soil rich in organic matter. It tolerates loam, clay, chalky, sandy soils, and a pH range from 6.0-8.0. When planting, dig a hole twice as wide and as deep as the root ball, ensuring the top is level with the surrounding soil. Backfill gently and water thoroughly to settle the soil.
Ongoing Care for Scarletbell
Consistent watering helps newly planted Scarletbell establish a strong root system, typically requiring deep watering weekly during dry periods in its first year. Once established, it shows moderate drought tolerance but benefits from continued moisture during extended dry spells. Apply organic mulch around the base, away from the trunk, to retain soil moisture and regulate temperature.
Scarletbell typically does not require extensive fertilization in fertile soil. If soil nutrients are poor, apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring before new growth or in late fall after leaf drop. Avoid over-fertilization, which can promote excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowers and berries.
Prune Scarletbell in late winter or early spring before new growth, or after summer flowering. This removes dead, damaged, or crossing branches, improving air circulation and plant health. Shape the plant by trimming overgrown stems to maintain its form, but avoid heavy pruning to prevent stressing the tree. Regularly remove water sprouts and suckers from the base or branches to maintain vigor and appearance.
Addressing Common Issues
Scarletbell can encounter common problems, including pests and diseases. Aphids, small sap-sucking insects, infest new growth and leaf undersides, leading to sticky honeydew and potential sooty mold. For mild infestations, a strong water spray can dislodge them, or apply insecticidal soap directly to affected areas.
Leaf spot, a fungal disease, is common, particularly during cool, wet weather. Symptoms include small reddish-brown spots on leaves that can enlarge and cause premature defoliation. To manage leaf spot, remove and destroy fallen infected leaves in autumn to reduce disease spread. Improving air circulation through proper spacing and pruning can also help prevent this issue.