Sawtooth coriander, also known as culantro, Eryngium foetidum, or Mexican coriander, stands as a unique herb with a distinct and potent flavor profile. This aromatic plant is a staple in various international cuisines, particularly in Southeast Asian, Latin American, and Caribbean dishes, where its robust taste is highly valued. It offers an alternative for those seeking a stronger, more resilient herb than its more common relative.
Understanding Sawtooth Coriander
Sawtooth coriander is easily identifiable by its long, serrated leaves, which resemble a saw’s edge, giving the herb its common name. The leaves are dark green and grow in a basal rosette, reaching a height of about 30-60 centimeters. Unlike common cilantro (Coriandrum sativum), which has delicate, fern-like foliage, sawtooth coriander features broader, flatter, and more rugged leaves.
Its flavor is similar to cilantro but significantly more potent, robust, and sometimes with a hint of citrusy bitterness. This intensified aroma and taste come from a chemical compound called eryngial, present in its essential oil. While common cilantro’s flavor can diminish when cooked, sawtooth coriander retains its strong taste, making it suitable for dishes requiring longer cooking times. Its botanical name is Eryngium foetidum.
Growing Sawtooth Coriander
Site Selection and Soil
Sawtooth coriander thrives in both outdoor and indoor environments, making it a versatile plant for various gardening setups. When planting outdoors, select a location that receives partial shade, as too much direct sun can cause the plant to bolt prematurely. If grown indoors, a bright windowsill or balcony can provide suitable light. This herb prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter to prevent root rot. An ideal soil pH range for sawtooth coriander is slightly acidic, between 5.5 and 6.5. Container gardening is a practical option, allowing for easy relocation to adjust for light and temperature changes.
Planting and Watering
Sawtooth coriander can be propagated from seeds or by dividing existing plants. When sowing seeds, sprinkle them on the soil surface and gently press them down, as they do not require deep burial. Germination occurs within 2-4 weeks at 25-28°C (77-82°F). Consistent moisture is important for healthy growth; water regularly to keep the soil moist but avoid waterlogging, allowing the top inch to dry slightly between waterings to prevent fungal issues. Mulching around the plants can help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.
Light Requirements
Sawtooth coriander thrives in partial shade, especially in hot climates, where strong sunlight can cause bolting and tougher leaves. In cooler regions, it can tolerate more sun, but 4-6 hours of direct sunlight or at least 6 hours of indirect light is generally sufficient. Providing shade during the hottest parts of the day encourages larger, more tender leaves. If growing indoors, ensure it receives ample bright, indirect light.
Temperature and Humidity
This tropical herb thrives in warm, humid conditions. Sawtooth coriander is sensitive to frost and is typically grown as an annual in cooler climates, though it can be a perennial in tropical zones. The plant benefits from high humidity, which can be maintained for indoor plants through misting or by placing the pot on a pebble tray with water. Maintaining a consistently warm environment helps ensure vigorous growth.
Harvesting and Using Sawtooth Coriander
Harvesting sawtooth coriander leaves can begin once plants are well-established and have several mature leaves. To encourage continuous growth, individual leaves or outer stems can be snipped off as needed using the “cut-and-come-again” method. Regularly removing any developing flower stalks is beneficial, as this redirects the plant’s energy into producing more leaves rather than seeds, which can make the leaves tougher and less flavorful.
Freshly harvested sawtooth coriander leaves have a relatively short shelf life, typically lasting 3 to 5 days at ambient temperatures. Storing them at around 10°C (50°F) can extend their freshness for up to two weeks. Unlike common cilantro, sawtooth coriander dries well and retains its color and flavor, offering a good option for longer storage. Its intense flavor means a small amount often goes a long way in culinary applications, making it a popular ingredient in dishes like soups, curries, and salsas.