The Propeller Succulent, Crassula falcata, is a distinctive plant with unique foliage and vibrant blooms. It is also called Airplane Plant, Scarlet Paintbrush, or Sickle Plant, names inspired by its appearance. The plant features thick, fleshy, grey-green leaves arranged in overlapping pairs, resembling an airplane’s propeller. Native to South Africa, this succulent is popular for its unusual form.
Propeller Succulent Care
The Propeller Succulent needs bright light. It thrives in full sun to bright indirect light. It prefers 4-6 hours of direct sunlight, such as near a south-facing window indoors or morning sun outdoors. Insufficient light can lead to etiolation, characterized by leggy, stretched growth and pale leaf color. Excessive direct sun, especially during the hottest parts of the day, may cause leaf scorching.
Water using the “soak and dry” method. The soil should dry out completely between waterings to prevent root rot. During the active growing season in spring and summer, water may be more frequent. Reduce watering in fall and winter when the plant’s growth slows. It is safer to underwater than to overwater this succulent.
Good soil drainage is important for Crassula falcata. A well-draining cactus or succulent potting mix is recommended to prevent water retention around the roots. Mixing standard potting soil with amendments like perlite or coarse sand can also improve drainage.
Propeller Succulents prefer warm temperatures, between 50°F and 85°F (10°C and 29°C). They are not tolerant of frost and must be protected from freezing temperatures. This makes them suitable for outdoor growth only in USDA hardiness zones 9-11. The plant is adapted to dry environments and prefers low humidity, thriving in average indoor conditions.
Fertilization needs are minimal. Apply diluted liquid succulent-specific fertilizer infrequently during spring and summer. Once a month or twice per season is sufficient. Avoid fertilizing during the fall and winter months when the plant is dormant.
When potting, select a container with drainage holes. The Propeller Succulent does not require frequent repotting and can thrive even when somewhat pot-bound. Repotting occurs every one to three years, or when the plant has visibly outgrown its current container. The best time for repotting is during spring or early summer, using a pot only slightly larger than the previous one to avoid excess moisture retention.
Propagating Propeller Succulent
Propagating Crassula falcata is done using leaf cuttings, stem cuttings, and separating offsets. The optimal time for propagation is during the spring or late summer, coinciding with the plant’s active growth period. Allow the cut end to callus for a few days before planting to prevent rot.
Leaf Cuttings
For leaf cuttings, gently twist a healthy leaf from the main stem, ensuring a “clean pull.” After the leaf has callused for one to two days, place it on top of well-draining succulent soil. Roots will eventually emerge, followed by a new plantlet forming from the callused end.
Stem Cuttings
Cut a stem section using a sterile knife or sharp scissors. Leave this cutting to dry and callus for several days. Once a callus has formed, insert the cut end into well-draining soil. Water thoroughly after a few days to encourage rooting.
Offsets
Separate naturally produced offsets (small plantlets) for propagation. Cut these offsets from the main plant using a sterile knife or scissors. Allow the separated offsets to callus for one to two days before planting them in well-draining soil.
Common Issues and Solutions
Overwatering
Overwatering is a common problem. Symptoms include yellowing, mushy leaves, a soft base, and root rot. To correct this, ensure the plant is in well-draining soil and only water when the soil has completely dried out. In severe cases, removing affected parts and repotting healthy sections in fresh, dry soil may be necessary.
Underwatering
Underwatering is also an issue. Signs include wrinkled, shriveled, or droopy leaves that feel soft. Increase watering frequency, ensuring the plant receives a thorough soaking each time, but still allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.
Lack of Light
Insufficient light impacts compact growth. Insufficient light causes etiolation, appearing leggy with elongated stems and pale, widely spaced leaves. Moving the plant to a brighter location, such as a south-facing window or under a grow light, helps restore compact and vibrant growth.
Pests
Common succulent pests like mealybugs, spider mites, and aphids can affect Propeller Succulents. If an infestation is observed, treat pests by gently dabbing them with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. For more widespread issues, applying insecticidal soap or neem oil can be effective. Isolating affected plants also helps prevent the spread of pests.
Flowering
The Propeller Succulent produces scarlet red or orange flowers in dense clusters, blooming in summer. These blooms can last for several weeks. Providing cooler temperatures during the winter can encourage a more prolific flowering display in the subsequent summer.