The Prince of Paradise plant, known scientifically as Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum, is a popular choice for indoor plant enthusiasts. This tropical specimen, once classified under the Philodendron genus as Philodendron selloum, captivates with its dramatic presence and lush foliage, making it a highly sought-after plant. It transforms indoor spaces into vibrant, green sanctuaries.
Understanding the Prince of Paradise Plant
The Prince of Paradise, Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum, was reclassified in 2018 due to its distinct genetic makeup from other philodendrons. This impressive evergreen perennial is native to the tropical and subtropical regions of South America, including countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay. In its natural habitat, it develops a robust, tree-like growth habit, forming a prominent trunk-like structure as it matures.
The most notable feature of this plant is its large, deeply lobed, glossy green leaves, which can reach up to 1.5 meters in length. These distinctive leaves emerge from a central crown, creating a dense and visually appealing display. Beyond its ornamental value, Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum also contributes to indoor air quality.
Caring for Your Prince of Paradise Plant
Light
The Prince of Paradise plant thrives in bright, indirect light conditions. Placing it near an east or west-facing window that receives filtered sunlight is ideal. Direct sunlight can scorch its leaves, leading to a yellowed appearance or brown spots. Conversely, insufficient light can result in leggy growth, smaller leaves, or a dull, pale green color.
Watering
Proper watering involves allowing the top few inches of the soil to dry out completely between waterings. The soil should remain consistently moist but never waterlogged to prevent issues such as root rot. Yellowing leaves often signal overwatering, while drooping leaves can indicate either overwatering or, more commonly, underwatering.
Soil
An ideal soil mix for Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum is well-draining and rich in organic matter. A peat-based potting mix amended with perlite or orchid bark provides the necessary aeration and drainage. This ensures moisture retention and prevents soggy conditions harmful to roots. A slightly acidic to neutral pH, between 6.0 and 6.5, is beneficial for optimal nutrient uptake.
Temperature and Humidity
This tropical plant prefers warm temperatures, ranging from 65°F to 85°F (18°C to 29°C). It cannot tolerate cold temperatures; prolonged exposure below 55-60°F (13-15°C) can cause damage. High humidity is appreciated, although the plant can adapt to average household humidity. To increase humidity, consider misting the leaves, placing the plant on a pebble tray filled with water, or using a humidifier nearby.
Fertilizing
During its active growing season, typically spring and summer, the Prince of Paradise plant benefits from regular fertilization. A balanced, water-soluble liquid fertilizer applied every two to four weeks is recommended. Reduce or cease fertilization during the fall and winter months when the plant’s growth naturally slows down. Yellowing leaves with darker green veins, a condition known as chlorosis, can indicate a nutrient deficiency, often iron, which a complete fertilizer can address.
Common Issues and Solutions
Yellowing leaves on a Prince of Paradise plant can result from overwatering, underwatering, insufficient light, or nutrient deficiencies. Adjusting watering, providing adequate indirect light, and fertilizing with a balanced plant food can resolve this. Yellowing with darker veins suggests an iron deficiency, correctable with a chelated iron supplement.
Browning leaf tips or edges indicate low humidity, underwatering, or fertilizer salt accumulation. Increasing humidity, ensuring consistent moisture, and occasionally flushing the soil can mitigate this. Drooping leaves are a common symptom of both overwatering and severe underwatering, requiring a soil moisture check to determine the cause. Curling leaves may indicate underwatering or pest infestations. Check for pests like spider mites or mealybugs and treat with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Propagation and Repotting
Propagating the Prince of Paradise plant is achieved through stem cuttings or by dividing pups. For stem cuttings, select a healthy stem with at least one to two leaves and make a clean cut below a leaf node. After removing any lower leaves, the cutting can be placed in water or directly into a well-draining, peat-based potting mix, where roots form within four to six weeks.
Repotting is generally needed when the plant becomes root-bound, indicated by roots emerging from the drainage holes or circling the pot. This occurs every one to two years, depending on the plant’s growth rate. Spring is the most favorable time for repotting, as the plant is in an active growth phase. When repotting, choose a container only one to two inches larger in diameter than the current one and use fresh, well-draining soil. Handle roots gently to minimize stress.