Picea abies ‘Wills Zwerg’ is a popular dwarf conifer, valued for its compact form and evergreen appeal. This Norway Spruce cultivar offers a unique ornamental presence in diverse garden settings. Its manageable size makes it a favored choice for gardeners seeking a refined evergreen that enhances landscapes year-round, providing consistent texture and color.
Understanding Wills Zwerg
Picea abies ‘Wills Zwerg’ exhibits a slow growth rate, adding 2-3 inches (5-7 cm) per year. After several decades, this dwarf spruce can reach a mature height of approximately 5-10 feet (1.5-3 meters) and a spread of 3-6 feet (0.9-1.8 meters). Some sources indicate a mature height of 1-2 meters. Its shape is dense and upright, often forming a conical or globe-like structure.
The needles of ‘Wills Zwerg’ are short, stiff, and tightly packed, displaying a rich dark green color. New growth in spring emerges as a brighter, light green, creating a pleasing contrast with the older foliage. This evergreen foliage provides consistent visual interest across all seasons. The dense branching and compact habit contribute to its refined appearance.
Planting and Site Selection
Optimal growth for Picea abies ‘Wills Zwerg’ occurs in full sun, where it receives at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. While it can tolerate partial shade, full sun promotes denser foliage and robust development. Planting in clear, open areas allows for ample light access, promoting health and vigor.
This spruce prefers well-drained soil that is slightly acidic to neutral, with a pH range of 4.5 to 7.3. It adapts to a variety of soil conditions, including sandy, loamy, or slightly clay-like textures. Avoid locations prone to waterlogging, as excessive moisture can lead to root issues. Soil improvement with organic matter can benefit barren sites.
When planting, prepare a hole that is slightly wider and deeper than the root ball. Ensure the plant is placed at the same depth it was in its nursery container. Backfill with soil, gently firming it around the root ball, and water thoroughly to remove air pockets. If planting multiple specimens, allow sufficient spacing to accommodate its mature spread.
Ongoing Care
Consistent moisture is important for Picea abies ‘Wills Zwerg’, especially during establishment, watering every 5-7 days for the first few weeks after transplanting. Ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Once established, it demonstrates some drought tolerance, but regular watering is still beneficial, particularly in dry conditions. Deep watering encourages strong root development.
Fertilization is generally minimal for this slow-growing conifer. If a soil test indicates nutrient deficiencies, a slow-release organic fertilizer can be applied in spring or summer, typically 2-4 times a year. Avoid over-fertilization, which can harm the plant.
Pruning requirements for ‘Wills Zwerg’ are low due to its naturally compact form. Pruning is primarily for removing dead, damaged, or errant branches to promote air circulation. The best time for light pruning is in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Avoid heavy pruning to prevent stress and maintain its natural habit.
Landscape Applications
Picea abies ‘Wills Zwerg’ offers versatility in garden design due to its compact size and year-round appeal. It serves as an excellent specimen plant, providing a focal point in borders or mixed beds. Its dwarf nature makes it suitable for rock gardens and alpine-themed areas, where its dense form adds structural interest.
The plant’s manageable dimensions also make it a suitable choice for container gardening. It fits well into limited spaces and patio areas in urban environments or smaller gardens. ‘Wills Zwerg’ can be incorporated into foundation plantings, offering evergreen structure close to structures without overgrowing them.