The Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ is a unique houseplant known for its distinctive foliage and tropical aesthetic. Its striking appearance and manageable care make it a popular choice for indoor plant collections.
Identifying Philodendron Bipennifolium Columbia
Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ is recognized by its deeply lobed, glossy, dark green leaves, which often resemble a horsehead or fiddle. These large leaves contribute to the plant’s bold visual impact.
The plant exhibits a vining and climbing growth habit, utilizing aerial roots to attach to support structures. Its relatively thin stems allow it to climb effectively, reaching heights of 3 to 10 feet indoors with adequate support.
Caring for Your Philodendron Bipennifolium Columbia
Light Needs
Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ thrives in bright, indirect light, mimicking its natural rainforest environment where it grows beneath a canopy. Placing it near an east- or north-facing window is often ideal. Direct, intense sunlight can scorch its leaves, leading to damage. While it can tolerate medium light, growth may be slower and mature leaf development might take longer.
Watering Practices
Consistent moisture is preferred for this plant, but it is important to avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Allow the top 1-2 inches (2-3 cm) or the top quarter of the soil to dry out before watering again. Using lukewarm water can prevent shocking the plant. Watering frequency should be reduced during cooler autumn and winter months when the plant’s growth slows.
Soil Requirements
An ideal soil mix for Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ is well-draining, airy, and rich in organic matter. A mixture containing components like coco coir, perlite, and sand promotes proper drainage while retaining some moisture. The plant prefers a slightly acidic soil pH, typically ranging between 5.0 and 6.0. Good aeration in the soil helps prevent root suffocation.
Temperature and Humidity
As a tropical plant, Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ prefers warm temperatures, ideally between 60°F and 85°F (15°C to 29°C). It is sensitive to cold, and temperatures below 55°F (13°C) can cause leaves to turn brown and drop. High humidity levels, ranging from 60% to 80%, are beneficial for its health and growth. To increase humidity, consider using a humidifier, pebble trays, or grouping plants together.
Fertilizing
During its active growing season, typically spring and summer, fertilize your Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ every 4-6 weeks. A balanced liquid fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio such as 20-20-20 or 3-1-2 is generally suitable. Dilute the fertilizer to half strength or as recommended on the product label to prevent over-fertilization, which can harm the plant. Fertilizing is not necessary in late fall and winter when growth slows.
Propagating Philodendron Bipennifolium Columbia
Propagating Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ is done through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem with at least two nodes and a few leaves, cutting just below a node using clean, sharp shears. Cuttings typically range from 3 to 6 inches in length. Allowing the cut end to callus for a few days before planting is beneficial.
Cuttings can be rooted in water or a moist soil mixture. For water rooting, submerge the nodes while keeping leaves above the waterline, changing water weekly to prevent rot. For soil propagation, plant the cutting in a well-draining mix, ensuring nodes are covered. Place cuttings in a warm spot with bright, indirect light. Roots usually develop within a few weeks; once they are at least one inch long, transplant the plant into a larger pot.
Addressing Common Problems
Yellowing leaves on Philodendron bipennifolium ‘Columbia’ often indicate overwatering or poor drainage. Conversely, underwatering can also lead to yellowing or wilting, so it is important to check soil moisture before watering. Brown leaf tips are commonly a sign of insufficient humidity, and increasing moisture around the plant can help.
Leggy growth, characterized by long, stretched stems with sparse leaves, typically results from inadequate light. Moving the plant to a brighter location with indirect light can encourage more compact growth. Common pests include spider mites, mealybugs, aphids, and thrips. Regularly inspecting the plant and wiping leaves with a damp cloth can help prevent infestations. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used for treatment if pests are present.