The Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ is a captivating houseplant popular among enthusiasts. Its distinctive appearance makes it an appealing addition to any indoor plant collection.
Understanding Philodendron Silver Sword
The Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ is scientifically known as Philodendron hastatum. Its name comes from the Latin “hastatum,” meaning “armed with a spear,” aptly describing its distinctive leaf shape. Native to Brazil’s tropical rainforests, it thrives in warm, humid, and shaded environments beneath the forest canopy. This climbing evergreen philodendron exhibits vigorous growth when provided with support.
The plant’s most notable feature is its striking foliage, which presents a metallic-silver, silvery-blue, or silvery-green hue. Juvenile leaves typically emerge arrow-shaped and may have a reddish-orange tint. As the plant matures, its leaves elongate and often develop a tri-lobed or “horse head” shape, resembling a sword’s blade. The undersides of the leaves can also display a copper coloration.
Philodendron Silver Sword Care
Light
Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ thrives in bright, indirect light conditions. Placing the plant near a north or east-facing window is often ideal. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, causing brown patches or fading color. Insufficient light may lead to leggy growth, with elongated stems and widely spaced leaves, as it stretches in search of more light. While it tolerates lower light, growth may slow, and the silver coloration might be less pronounced.
Watering
Proper watering is crucial; ‘Silver Sword’ prefers consistent moisture but is susceptible to root rot if overwatered. Water when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry. Allowing the soil to dry out too much causes drooping leaves, indicating a need for hydration. Saturate the soil until water drains from the pot’s bottom, but avoid letting the plant sit in standing water to prevent root issues.
Soil
For optimal growth, Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ requires a well-draining soil mix that retains some moisture and provides good aeration. A chunky aroid mix is recommended. An effective blend combines equal parts indoor potting soil, perlite, and orchid bark. Other suitable components include peat moss, vermiculite, coco coir, or pumice to enhance drainage and aeration. This mix allows roots to breathe and prevents waterlogging.
Temperature and Humidity
Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ flourishes in warm temperatures, ideally 65-85°F (18-29°C). Protect the plant from cold drafts and sudden temperature drops to prevent stress. As a tropical plant, it enjoys high humidity, preferably above 60%. To increase humidity, use a humidifier, place the plant on a pebble tray, or group plants. Regular misting can contribute, but avoid excessive misting to prevent fungal issues.
Fertilizing
During its active growing season (spring and summer), Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, monthly or every two to four weeks. Reduce or halt fertilization in fall and winter when growth slows. Slow-release fertilizers can also be incorporated during repotting.
Repotting
Repotting Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ is recommended every one to two years, or when it shows signs of being root-bound. Indicators include roots emerging from drainage holes or circling the pot, and soil drying quickly. The best time for repotting is during the active growing period in spring and summer. Choose a new pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter than the current one. Gently remove the plant, loosen tangled roots, and place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining soil.
Propagating Philodendron Silver Sword
Propagating Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ is straightforward, usually done through stem cuttings. The ideal time is spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Select a healthy stem with at least two to three leaves and a few nodes (points where leaves and roots emerge). Using clean, sharp shears, cut just below a node.
Remove any leaves from the cutting’s bottom portion that would be submerged to prevent rot. Root the cutting in water by placing it in a clear jar with the node submerged. Change the water every few days to keep it fresh and prevent bacterial growth. Roots typically emerge within two to four weeks.
Once roots are a few inches long, plant the cutting in a well-draining potting mix. Alternatively, root cuttings directly in moist sphagnum moss or a chunky soil mix, maintaining consistent moisture and warmth until roots develop.
Common Issues and Solutions
Yellowing leaves often signal watering issues, either from overwatering (leading to root rot) or underwatering. Check soil moisture before watering and adjust the schedule. If older, lower leaves consistently yellow and curl, the plant likely needs more frequent watering.
Brown leaf tips or edges indicate low humidity or underwatering. Increase humidity using misting, a pebble tray, or a humidifier. Consistent soil moisture, without overwatering, also helps. Stunted growth or lack of vibrant color can result from insufficient light or nutrient deficiencies. Move the plant to a brighter, indirect light location and provide balanced fertilizer during the growing season for healthier growth.
Common pests include spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids. These pests cause leaf discoloration, spotting, or sticky residue. Regular inspection of leaves helps in early detection. Treat infestations by wiping pests off with alcohol-dipped cotton swabs, using insecticidal soap, or applying neem oil. Good air circulation and proper humidity also contribute to pest prevention.
Philodendron Silver Sword Toxicity
The Philodendron ‘Silver Sword’ contains calcium oxalate crystals, making it toxic if ingested by humans or animals, including cats and dogs. Ingestion can lead to symptoms like oral irritation, pain, swelling of the mouth and throat, excessive drooling, and digestive upset. Place the plant out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.