The Pilea involucrata ‘Penny Kate’ is a popular houseplant known for its visually appealing and textured foliage. Often called “Penny Kate,” it has gained popularity among indoor gardeners due to its vibrant appearance and relatively straightforward care requirements. Its unique leaves add a distinctive touch to any indoor collection.
Understanding Penny Kate
‘Penny Kate’ is botanically identified as Pilea involucrata ‘Moon Valley’ or simply Pilea involucrata. It is also known as Friendship Plant or Pan Am Plant. This species originates from the tropical regions of Central and South America, thriving in the warm, humid undergrowth of rainforests. Its main attraction is the deeply textured, crinkled foliage. The leaves are typically a deep green with prominent bronze or copper undertones, often accentuated by lighter green edges. Their undersides frequently exhibit a striking reddish hue, enhancing their visual depth.
Penny Kate Plant Care
Caring for a ‘Penny Kate’ plant involves providing consistent conditions that mimic its native tropical habitat. Adjusting light, water, and humidity levels will promote robust growth and maintain its vibrant foliage.
Light
‘Penny Kate’ thrives in bright, indirect light, similar to the dappled sunlight it would receive on a rainforest floor. Placing it near an east or north-facing window is ideal. Direct sunlight should be avoided as it can scorch the delicate leaves. If the plant receives insufficient light, its growth may become leggy, and its leaves might appear smaller or lose their vibrant coloration.
Watering
This plant prefers its soil to be consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water when the top inch of the soil feels dry to the touch. Proper drainage is important to prevent root rot. During cooler winter months, reduce watering frequency as the plant’s growth slows. Yellowing or wilting leaves often indicate overwatering, while dry, crispy leaf edges or drooping stems can indicate underwatering.
Humidity
High humidity is a key factor for ‘Penny Kate’, ideally around 50-80% or higher. This tropical plant benefits significantly from increased moisture in the air. To achieve this, place the pot on a pebble tray filled with water, use a room humidifier, or group the plant with other houseplants. Misting the leaves regularly can also contribute to higher humidity levels.
Soil
A well-draining potting mix rich in organic matter is suitable for ‘Penny Kate’. A mix designed for African violets works well, or you can create your own using compost, perlite, and coco coir for moisture retention and drainage. The soil should allow water to pass freely while retaining some moisture, preventing it from becoming overly compact. A slightly acidic to neutral pH, typically between 5.0 and 6.0, is preferred.
Temperature
‘Penny Kate’ prefers a warm environment, with an optimal temperature range between 65°F and 75°F (18-24°C). It is sensitive to cold temperatures and sudden fluctuations. Keep the plant away from cold drafts, such as those from open windows or air conditioning vents, to prevent stress. Temperatures below 50°F (10°C) can be detrimental.
Fertilizer
During its active growing season in spring and summer, ‘Penny Kate’ benefits from regular feeding. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength approximately every four to six weeks. Do not fertilize during the fall and winter months when its growth naturally slows down. Over-fertilization can harm the plant, so adhere to the recommended dilution and frequency.
Repotting Penny Kate
Repotting ‘Penny Kate’ is generally necessary every one to two years, or when the plant becomes root-bound, indicated by roots growing through the drainage holes. When repotting, select a new pot only one to two inches larger in diameter than the current one, ensuring it has drainage holes. Gently remove the plant and place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining soil mix, taking care not to damage the roots. After repotting, water thoroughly to help the soil settle and minimize transplant shock.
Propagating Penny Kate
Propagating ‘Penny Kate’ is straightforward, making it easy to create new plants from existing ones. Stem cuttings are the most common and successful method.
To propagate:
Select a healthy stem section 3-4 inches long with at least two leaf nodes.
Remove the lower leaves from the cutting, exposing the nodes where roots will form.
Root in water by placing the stem in a glass, ensuring at least one node is submerged. Change water every few days; roots typically form within weeks.
Alternatively, plant cuttings directly into a moist, well-draining potting mix. Rooting hormone can encourage faster development.
Covering the pot with a plastic bag creates a humid microclimate, aiding rooting.
Place cuttings in bright, indirect light until a robust root system develops.
Troubleshooting Common Penny Kate Issues
‘Penny Kate’ plants can sometimes exhibit signs of stress. Identifying symptoms helps in addressing issues effectively.
Brown, crispy leaves: Often indicate insufficient humidity or underwatering. Adjust humidity levels and watering schedule.
Yellowing leaves: Especially younger ones, frequently signal overwatering or poor drainage leading to root rot. Allow the topsoil to dry between waterings. Yellowing in older, bottom leaves can be a sign of aging.
Leggy growth: Characterized by long stems with sparse leaves, suggests insufficient light. Move the plant to a brighter spot with indirect light to encourage bushier growth.
Pests: ‘Penny Kate’ is generally resistant, but common houseplant pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids can appear. Treat with insecticidal soap, neem oil, or by rinsing with water.
Is Penny Kate Toxic?
Pilea involucrata ‘Penny Kate’ is considered non-toxic to both humans and common household pets, including cats and dogs. This makes it a safe choice for homes with children or animals.