The Peacock Fern, scientifically known as Selaginella uncinata, is a captivating plant recognized for its striking iridescent blue-green foliage. This unique coloration, which shimmers under certain light, gives it the common name “Rainbow Moss.” While not a true fern, its delicate, lacy appearance and creeping growth habit make it a popular choice for indoor plant enthusiasts.
Peacock Fern Care Guide
Light Needs
Peacock Ferns thrive in bright, indirect light, mimicking their natural habitat on the forest floor. Placing them near a north-facing window is ideal, as direct sunlight can scorch their delicate fronds. While they can tolerate lower light, the vibrant blue iridescence may be less pronounced.
Watering Practices
The soil for Peacock Ferns should remain consistently moist but never soggy to prevent root rot. Check the top inch of soil every few days; if it feels slightly dry, water thoroughly. Avoid letting the plant sit in standing water.
Humidity Requirements
High humidity is important for Peacock Ferns, as they originate from moist, tropical environments. Aim for humidity levels of 50% or higher, ideally between 55% to 90%. Low humidity can cause leaves to brown at the tips or curl. Increase humidity using a pebble tray, grouping plants, or a humidifier.
Ideal Soil Mix
A well-draining yet moisture-retentive potting mix is best for Peacock Ferns, which have shallow root systems. A suitable blend includes peat moss or coco coir for moisture retention, combined with perlite or pumice for drainage and aeration. This mixture allows roots to access consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. A slightly acidic to neutral soil pH, around 5.5 to 7.0, is preferred.
Temperature Considerations
Peacock Ferns prefer moderate and stable temperatures. A range between 65°F and 75°F is ideal, though they can tolerate 55°F to 85°F. Avoid sudden temperature fluctuations, cold drafts, or extreme heat. Consistent warmth contributes to the plant’s health and vibrant appearance.
Fertilizing Your Fern
Peacock Ferns do not require heavy fertilization and are susceptible to fertilizer burn. During the growing season (spring to summer), apply a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer once a month. Dilute the fertilizer to half strength or less to prevent over-fertilization. Fertilization is not necessary during fall and winter.
Solving Common Peacock Fern Problems
Browning or crispy leaves are common indicators of distress in Peacock Ferns, often stemming from environmental factors. Insufficient humidity is a frequent cause, leading to dry leaf tips and edges.
Improper watering practices also contribute to leaf browning or wilting. Both underwatering (where the soil dries out completely) and overwatering (which leads to root rot) can cause similar symptoms.
Light conditions also play a role. Too much direct sunlight can scorch the delicate foliage, resulting in bleached or brown patches. Conversely, insufficient light might cause the vibrant blue-green coloration to fade.
How to Propagate Peacock Fern
Propagating Peacock Ferns is commonly achieved through division. This straightforward method is best performed in spring when the plant is actively growing. Carefully remove the mature plant from its pot and gently loosen the soil around the root ball.
Identify natural divisions or clumps within the plant. Using clean, sharp scissors or a knife, carefully separate these sections, ensuring each new portion has a healthy root system. Repot each divided section into individual containers using a suitable, moisture-retentive potting mix.
After repotting, water the newly divided plants thoroughly. While division is the most common and effective method, Peacock Ferns can also be propagated from stem cuttings, which root in moist sphagnum moss or water.
Pests and Diseases of Peacock Fern
Peacock Ferns are not highly susceptible to pest infestations, but common houseplant pests can affect them. Spider mites may appear as tiny specks on the undersides of leaves, often with fine webbing, causing yellowing or stippling. Mealybugs and scale insects can also feed on plant sap, leading to stunted growth or discolored foliage.
Root rot is a common issue, primarily caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Symptoms include wilting leaves and a mushy base. Fungal leaf spots may appear as brown or black blemishes on the foliage. Ensuring proper watering, good air circulation, and well-draining soil are preventative measures.
Is Peacock Fern Toxic?
The Peacock Fern (Selaginella uncinata) is non-toxic to both humans and pets. This makes it a safe choice for households with curious children or animals. While ingestion is not harmful, prevent pets from consuming large quantities of any houseplant to avoid potential mild stomach upset.