Othonna retrofracta is a distinctive succulent, often called “pickle plant” or “sausage plant” due to its segmented, fleshy stems. Its compact, often bonsai-like form and intriguing growth habit make it a captivating addition to any succulent collection.
Discovering Othonna Retofracta
Othonna retrofracta is characterized by slender, twiggy stems emerging from a swollen, flask-shaped caudex, which can reach up to 7 centimeters in diameter. Older specimens often display peeling bark on this caudex, adding to their visual interest. The stems are typically light brown, sometimes with a purple flush when young, and can grow up to 40 centimeters in height. This deciduous caudiciform plant features small, fleshy leaves, about 30mm long, which are dark or bluish-green and may vary in shape from oval to spoon-shaped.
This species is native to the winter rainfall regions of South Africa, specifically the Western Cape, and extends into southern Namibia. In its natural arid, rocky environment, seedlings often establish themselves under the protection of “nurse plants,” which shield them from intense sun. This origin highlights its adaptation to low rainfall and its deciduous nature, shedding leaves in summer to conserve moisture during dormancy. This natural context provides insight into its specific care requirements.
Essential Care for Othonna Retofracta
Light
Othonna retrofracta thrives in bright conditions and requires plenty of sunlight to maintain its compact growth and vibrant coloration. Ideally, it should receive full sun or very bright, indirect light throughout the year. Insufficient light can lead to etiolation, where stems become stretched and pale, losing the plant’s characteristic tight form. Intense exposure can enhance a ruby color in the stems and leaves, while too little light results in duller, olive-green tones.
Watering
As a succulent, Othonna retrofracta stores water in its stems and caudex, making it tolerant of dry conditions. The “soak and dry” method is appropriate, meaning the soil should dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering is a common pitfall and can quickly lead to root rot. During its summer dormancy, watering should be significantly reduced or even withheld, as the plant sheds its leaves and rests. During the active growing season in fall and winter, water moderately.
Soil
Extremely well-draining, gritty soil is important for Othonna retrofracta. A standard succulent or cactus mix is suitable, but incorporating additional inert materials like perlite, pumice, coarse river sand, or lapilli further improves drainage. The soil should not be overly nutritious. Adequate drainage prevents waterlogging and protects the plant’s sensitive root system from rot.
Temperature and Humidity
Othonna retrofracta prefers warm and temperate climates and is tolerant of heat, but it is sensitive to frost. Temperatures should ideally remain above 10°C (50°F). In regions with cold winters, it is advisable to bring potted plants indoors or provide shelter to protect them from freezing temperatures. The plant prefers low humidity and benefits from good air circulation around its stems.
Fertilization
Othonna retrofracta has minimal fertilization needs. If fertilized, it should be done sparingly, typically during its active growing season in spring and autumn. A highly diluted succulent-specific fertilizer, applied once a month or every 15 days at half the recommended strength, is generally sufficient.
Propagating Othonna Retofracta
Propagating Othonna retrofracta can be achieved through stem cuttings. Select healthy, mature stem segments about 4-6 inches long. Remove any leaves from the bottom inch or two of the cutting to expose the nodes where roots will form. Allow the cut end to callus for several days to a week in a dry, airy location; this crucial step helps prevent rot when planted.
Once the cutting has callused, plant it in a well-draining rooting medium, such as a mix of half peat and half sand, or a succulent potting mix with added perlite or vermiculite. While not strictly necessary, dipping the cut end in rooting hormone can improve success rates. Place the potted cutting in a location with bright, indirect light and water gently, keeping the soil slightly moist but not soggy. Roots typically form within a few weeks, and new growth indicates successful establishment.
Addressing Common Challenges
Root rot is a frequent problem for Othonna retrofracta, stemming from overwatering or poorly draining soil. If the plant’s stems become mushy or discolored at the base, it indicates excessive moisture; reducing watering frequency and improving soil drainage is necessary. Leggy, stretched growth with sparse leaves results from insufficient light, highlighting the plant’s need for ample sun exposure to maintain its compact form.
During its summer dormancy, the plant naturally sheds its leaves, which can be mistaken for a problem. This is a normal adaptive response to conserve water in hot, dry conditions. Pests are generally rare for Othonna retrofracta, as it is considered resistant to most. However, occasional issues with mites, mealybugs, or aphids can occur, particularly if the plant is weakened; regular inspection and prompt treatment with an organic insecticide can manage these.