Opuntia microdasys rufida, commonly known as Cinnamon Bunny Ears or Red Bunny Ears Cactus, is a distinctive pad-forming cactus. Its unique appearance, resembling rabbit ears, makes it a popular choice. Native to desert regions, it offers a straightforward care routine.
Identifying Cinnamon Bunny Ears
This cactus is recognized by its flattened, oval, or circular pads, often growing in pairs to form its characteristic “bunny ear” shape. These pads are typically grayish-green and fleshy. A defining feature is the absence of large, sharp spines; instead, the plant is covered in dense clusters of fine, barbed bristles called glochids. These glochids are typically reddish-brown or coppery, becoming gray with age. New pads emerge from the edges of existing ones, contributing to its branched, shrub-like growth habit.
Caring for Opuntia microdasys rufida
Light
Opuntia microdasys rufida thrives in bright, direct sunlight, needing at least six hours daily for optimal growth. A south-facing window is ideal for indoor cultivation, though west or east-facing windows can also work. Insufficient light can lead to etiolation, where pads stretch out thinly as the plant searches for more light. Outdoor plants perform best in full sun but tolerate some partial shade.
Watering
This desert cactus prefers thorough but infrequent watering. Use the “soak and dry” method: water deeply until drainage occurs, then allow the soil to dry completely before the next watering. During the active growing season (spring and summer), watering every two to three weeks is generally sufficient. In fall and winter dormancy, significantly reduce frequency to once a month or less to prevent root rot.
Soil and Potting
Well-draining soil is crucial for Opuntia microdasys rufida to prevent root rot. A commercial cactus or succulent potting mix is suitable, often containing sand, perlite, or pumice to enhance drainage and aeration. Adding extra perlite, pumice, or coarse sand to a standard potting mix can further improve drainage. Repotting is typically needed every two to three years, or when the plant becomes root-bound, into a pot with drainage holes.
Temperature
Opuntia microdasys rufida prefers warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 100°F (18°C to 37°C) during active growth. It is hardy in USDA zones 9 to 11, tolerating temperatures down to 20°F (-6.7°C). Protecting the plant from frost is important, as it cannot survive freezing temperatures. If growing outdoors in cold winter areas, plant it in a container that can be brought indoors.
Fertilization
During the growing season (spring and summer), Opuntia microdasys rufida benefits from occasional fertilization. Use a balanced, low-nitrogen cactus-specific fertilizer, such as a 5-10-5 NPK ratio, applied once a month or every few months. Over-fertilization can be detrimental, as these plants are adapted to nutrient-poor desert soils. Cease fertilization entirely during fall and winter dormancy.
Propagating Opuntia microdasys rufida
Propagating Cinnamon Bunny Ears cactus is straightforward, primarily done through pad cuttings. Select a healthy, mature pad and carefully remove it by twisting or making a clean cut at the joint using a sterile knife. Allow the detached pad to dry and form a callous over the cut end for several days to two weeks in a warm, dry location away from direct sunlight. This callousing step is crucial to prevent rot once planted.
Once calloused, plant the pad upright in a well-draining cactus mix, burying about one-third for stability. Rooting hormone is not strictly necessary. Water sparingly to encourage root development without making the soil soggy. New roots typically form within a few weeks, and new pads may begin to emerge. The best time for propagation is during the plant’s active growing season, usually spring or early summer.
Common Issues and Solutions
Opuntia microdasys rufida can encounter a few common problems, including pests and diseases. Common pests include mealybugs and spider mites. Mealybugs appear as small, white, cottony masses; spider mites cause webbing and discolored spots. Treat these pests by wiping them away with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or by applying insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Root rot is a prevalent disease, primarily caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil, leading to mushy, discolored pads and stems. To prevent this, ensure the soil drains quickly and allow it to dry completely between waterings. If root rot is detected, prune away affected parts and repot the plant into fresh, dry soil. Etiolation indicates insufficient light and can be corrected by moving the plant to a brighter location.
Safe Handling and Placement
Handling Opuntia microdasys rufida requires careful attention due to its glochids, tiny, barbed bristles that easily detach and embed in skin, causing irritation. Always wear thick gardening gloves, such as leather or nitrile-coated ones, as cotton gloves may not provide adequate protection. Tongs, folded newspaper, or a piece of carpet can also help safely maneuver the cactus during repotting or pruning, keeping hands away from glochids.
For placement, consider areas where accidental contact is less likely, especially in homes with children or pets. While not considered toxic if ingested, its glochids can cause irritation and discomfort. Outdoors, choose a location where the plant can thrive without posing a hazard to passersby or grazing animals, as glochids can also affect them.