Ensete ventricosum ‘Maurelii’, commonly known as the Red Abyssinian Banana, is a popular ornamental plant. Its striking tropical appearance, vibrant coloration, and large leaves create a dramatic focal point. It brings a lush, exotic feel to landscapes and containers, valued for its visual impact rather than edible fruit.
Understanding Maurelli
Ensete ventricosum ‘Maurelii’ features large, paddle-shaped leaves, often up to 6 feet long. These leaves emerge with a maroon-red tint and reddish leaf axils, deepening in color with ample sunlight. The foliage displays varying shades from green to purple to red, with a prominent central red rib.
Its rapid growth rate allows it to quickly become a focal point. While resembling true banana plants (Musa species), Ensete ventricosum ‘Maurelii’ is not grown for its fruit. The plant forms a thick, leafy trunk, or stipe, composed of leaf bases.
Planting and Growing Conditions
This plant thrives in full sun, which intensifies the vibrant red coloration of its leaves. In extremely hot climates, some afternoon shade can prevent leaf scorch. A sheltered spot protects its large leaves from strong winds.
The plant prefers rich, well-draining soil that retains consistent moisture. A loamy mix with ample organic matter, such as compost or aged manure, works best. The ideal soil pH ranges from slightly acidic to neutral (6.0–7.0). For container planting, a high-quality potting mix with added perlite ensures proper drainage.
Ensete ventricosum ‘Maurelii’ performs optimally in warm temperatures, ideally between 70–85°F (21–29°C). Its growth slows below 50°F (10°C). It is hardy in USDA Zones 9–11. In cooler regions, it is commonly grown as an annual or as a container plant moved indoors before the first frost.
Ongoing Care and Maintenance
The plant requires regular watering, especially during the growing season, to keep the soil consistently moist. During hotter weather, watering may be needed twice or more per week, while in winter, it should be reduced significantly.
This species is a heavy feeder, benefiting from regular fertilization throughout its active growth period from spring through summer. A high-nitrogen fertilizer (e.g., 30-10-10) applied every 4-6 weeks promotes vigorous leaf growth. Alternatively, a balanced fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 or 20-20-20) can be used every 8-10 weeks. Incorporating organic matter like well-rotted compost or fish emulsion also supports healthy development.
Humidity helps maintain lush foliage; misting leaves or using a humidity tray can be beneficial, particularly for indoor plants. Pruning involves removing any dead, damaged, or yellowing leaves. These leaves can be cut at the base, being careful not to damage the main pseudostem.
Overwintering is necessary in climates colder than USDA Zone 9. One method involves growing the plant in a container and bringing it indoors before temperatures drop below 45-50°F (7-10°C). Indoors, keep the plant in a bright, cool location as a houseplant, with reduced watering and fertilization.
Alternatively, for larger plants, trim back the foliage, leaving a portion of the pseudostem. The plant or its corm (rhizome) can then be dug up and stored in a cool, dark, frost-free environment like a basement or garage. The corm should dry slightly and be stored in peat or left dormant, with minimal moisture to prevent complete drying.
Common Challenges and Solutions
Leaf browning or wilting often indicates insufficient watering or low humidity. Increasing watering frequency and providing higher humidity through misting or a pebble tray can help. Stunted growth may point to nutrient deficiencies or the plant becoming root-bound. Regular fertilization with a high-nitrogen feed and repotting into a larger container with fresh soil can address these concerns.
The plant can be susceptible to common pests such as spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. Increasing humidity and rinsing leaves can deter spider mites. Aphids and mealybugs can be managed with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Good air circulation and regular foliage inspection help prevent pest infestations. Root rot, typically caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil, can be prevented by ensuring adequate drainage.