Ficus maclellandii, known as the Alii fig or narrow-leaf fig, is an elegant evergreen plant suitable for indoor and outdoor settings. Native to India, Southeast Asia, and China, it is admired for its slender, willow-like leaves. The ‘Alii’ cultivar is a popular selection due to its attractive foliage and adaptability.
Ficus maclellandii Care Essentials
Light Requirements
Ficus maclellandii thrives in bright, indirect light, benefiting from several hours of diffused sunlight daily. Place it near an east-facing window or a few feet from a south or west-facing window for ideal filtered light. Direct sun can scorch leaves, while insufficient light leads to leaf loss and reduced vigor.
Watering Practices
Water Ficus maclellandii thoroughly when the top 1-2 inches of soil feel dry, ensuring the potting mixture is moist but not waterlogged. Standing water can lead to root rot. Water more frequently during the spring and summer growing season, reducing frequency in cooler months. Use tepid water, as cold water can shock the plant and cause leaf drop.
Soil Mix
An ideal soil mix for Ficus maclellandii promotes moisture retention and efficient drainage. Use a well-draining, loamy soil rich in organic matter. Incorporate perlite or sand into a standard potting mix to enhance drainage and aeration, preventing oversaturation. Ensure the pot has adequate drainage holes to prevent water accumulation and support healthy root development.
Temperature and Humidity
Ficus maclellandii thrives in stable, warm environments, ideally between 16-29°C (60-85°F). Protect the plant from cold drafts and sudden temperature fluctuations, which cause stress and leaf drop. While it adapts to average indoor humidity, maintaining 40-60% humidity benefits its foliage. Elevate humidity in dry environments by placing the pot on a tray of moist pebbles or using a cool mist humidifier.
Fertilization
Fertilize Ficus maclellandii regularly during its active growth periods. During spring and summer, feed the plant every two to four weeks with a balanced liquid houseplant fertilizer. Dilute the fertilizer according to package instructions to avoid overfeeding. As autumn approaches, gradually decrease fertilization, withholding it completely in winter when growth slows.
Pruning and Shaping Ficus maclellandii
Pruning Ficus maclellandii maintains its shape and size while encouraging fuller growth. Trim the plant any time of year, though pruning during the growing season often yields better results. Make cuts just above a leaf or stem node to encourage new branching and a bushier plant.
Remove dead, damaged, or weak branches to improve appearance and direct energy towards healthy growth. The stems contain a milky latex sap that can be a skin irritant; wear gloves to prevent contact. Consistent trimming maintains an attractive form and prevents legginess.
Propagating Ficus maclellandii
Propagate Ficus maclellandii using stem cuttings. Select a healthy, non-woody stem section 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) long with a few leaves. Remove lower leaves, leaving two to three at the tip.
Dipping the cut end in rooting hormone can encourage root development. Plant the cutting in a small pot with a moist, well-draining rooting medium, such as peat moss and sand or perlite. Cover the pot with a clear plastic bag to create humidity, placing it in a warm location with indirect light until new growth appears, typically within eight weeks.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Ficus maclellandii can experience common houseplant issues. Leaf drop often signals environmental stress from inconsistent watering, sudden temperature changes, or insufficient light. Adjusting watering and ensuring stable conditions can help.
Pest infestations, though uncommon, can occur. Spider mites, mealybugs, and scale may affect the plant. Regularly inspect leaves, especially undersides, for early detection. If pests are found, wipe them off with a damp cloth or apply insecticidal soap. Brown leaf tips or edges indicate low humidity or underwatering; increase ambient moisture or adjust watering frequency.