Philodendrons have become popular among plant enthusiasts, distinguished from common varieties as “fancy philodendrons.” They are popular for their unique and often rare characteristics. Their distinct foliage makes them highly sought after by collectors. Their popularity reflects an appreciation for botanical diversity.
Defining Fancy Philodendrons
Fancy philodendrons are distinguished by unique attributes. Unusual variegation patterns, such as sectoral blocks, delicate splashes, or half-moon divisions, are a primary characteristic. These patterns result from genetic mutations affecting chlorophyll distribution. Unusual leaf shapes and textures, like deeply lobed, elongated, or velvety surfaces, also add appeal.
Rare colorations, including vibrant pink, white, or shimmering silver, contrast with typical green. Unique growth habits, such as compact upright forms or distinctive crawling patterns, further contribute to their desirability. These features elevate certain philodendron species to “fancy” status, appealing to those who appreciate botanical novelty. This distinctiveness often leads to higher demand and specialized care.
Popular Fancy Philodendron Varieties
Several fancy philodendron varieties are notable for their appearance. The Philodendron ‘Pink Princess’ is renowned for its dark purplish-green, heart-shaped leaves with contrasting pink variegation. The pink appears as splashes, streaks, or entire sections. Its vining habit makes it suitable for climbing support, showcasing its unique foliage.
Philodendron gloriosum captivates with its large, heart-shaped leaves featuring a velvety texture and prominent pale-green to white or pink-tinted veins. This terrestrial philodendron crawls horizontally. Its deep green leaves and striking veins make it a prized specimen.
The Philodendron verrucosum is recognized by its deeply textured, velvety dark green leaves with contrasting light green or white veins and reddish undersides. Its petioles are often covered in fuzzy bristles. This hemi-epiphyte can grow terrestrially or attach to trees with aerial roots.
Philodendron melanochrysum, often called the “Black Gold Philodendron,” displays elongated, heart-shaped leaves that are a deep, almost black-green with vibrant gold veining. These leaves have a velvety texture, and new foliage emerges with a brown-copper tint before maturing. This vining plant requires support for larger leaf development.
Philodendron spiritus sancti is a rare species with long, narrow, deeply lobed, sword-like leaves. These glossy, dark green leaves can reach impressive lengths and often exhibit a climbing habit. Its unique shape and rarity make it highly sought-after.
Caring for Fancy Philodendrons
Fancy philodendrons require appropriate care, as many are more sensitive than common varieties. They thrive in bright, indirect light, mimicking their natural tropical forest habitat. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, especially variegated types. Positioning them near an east or west-facing window, or a few feet from a south-facing window with diffused light, is ideal.
Water when the top 50-75% of the soil is dry; overwatering causes yellowing leaves and root rot. Water thoroughly until liquid drains from the pot, discarding excess water to prevent standing water. Consistent, non-soggy moisture benefits root health.
High humidity is important for many fancy philodendrons, with some velvety-leaved species preferring levels above 60%. Increase humidity using a humidifier, grouping plants, or placing pots on pebble trays. Misting provides only temporary humidity and can harm velvety leaves, potentially causing fungal issues.
A well-draining, airy potting mix, composed of orchid bark, perlite, and organic matter, is essential. This blend prevents waterlogging, retains moisture, and provides root aeration. Ideal temperatures range from 65°F to 85°F (18-29°C); protect them from cold drafts.
During the active growing season (spring and summer), a balanced liquid fertilizer applied monthly at half-strength supports healthy growth. Reduce or halt fertilization during cooler, dormant months. Many fancy philodendrons, especially vining types, benefit from a moss pole or trellis for support. This encourages larger leaf development and mimics their natural climbing.
Acquiring Fancy Philodendrons
Several avenues offer opportunities to purchase fancy philodendrons. Reputable online nurseries offer a wide selection, shipping plants directly. Local specialty plant shops are another excellent resource for in-person inspection. Plant shows and expositions can also provide unique specimens and grower connections.
Online communities and marketplaces for rare plants are popular for buying and trading. When acquiring a plant, inspect it for signs of health, such as firm stems, vibrant foliage, and new growth. Checking roots for rot or damage, if possible, is also beneficial. Ensure the plant is free of common pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects.
Verify that variegation or characteristics match the description to ensure it is true to type. Avoid purchasing from unverified sources, which can lead to scams or mislabeled plants. Overpaying is another concern, as rare philodendron prices fluctuate based on demand and availability. Being informed about current market values helps in making a reasonable purchase.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Even with diligent care, fancy philodendrons can experience common issues. Loss of variegation, where colorful patterns fade or new leaves emerge green, is a frequent concern for variegated varieties. This often occurs due to insufficient light, as the plant produces more chlorophyll to compensate. Providing brighter, indirect light can encourage desired variegation.
Browning or crispy leaf edges indicate low humidity or underwatering. Increasing humidity with humidifiers or pebble trays, and adjusting watering to prevent complete soil dryness, can alleviate these symptoms. Conversely, yellowing leaves often signal overwatering, which can lead to root rot. It can also be caused by nutrient deficiencies, excessive direct sunlight, or natural aging.
Slow or stunted growth can stem from inadequate light, improper watering, or lack of nutrients. Addressing these conditions and ensuring proper fertilization during the growing season promotes more vigorous development. Philodendrons are also susceptible to common houseplant pests like spider mites, mealybugs, thrips, and scale insects. Regular foliage inspection, especially undersides, and prompt treatment with insecticidal soap or neem oil are important for management.
New plants may experience acclimation stress in a new environment. Symptoms include drooping leaves or a temporary halt in growth. Providing consistent care and avoiding further changes for a few weeks allows the plant to adjust. Addressing these issues proactively helps maintain the health of fancy philodendrons.