Euphorbia millotii is a captivating succulent known for its distinct appearance. This shrublet offers unique physical attributes, making it a desirable addition to plant collections.
Unique Characteristics of Euphorbia Millotii
Native to Madagascar, specifically the coastal regions near Lac Bleu, Euphorbia millotii thrives in its natural habitat of subtropical or tropical moist shrubland. The plant develops a distinctive caudex, a swollen stem base, up to four centimeters in diameter. Its stems begin greenish-red, maturing to grey and lignified, eventually covered with a silver-gray, corky mantle. Older stems display large, half-moon-shaped scars left by its deciduous leaves, which typically appear after the blooming season.
The leaves are lanceolate-obovate, showcasing vibrant green on their upper surface and often purple, pink, or dark red on their underside. The plant produces small cyathia, which can be yellow, greenish-white, or rose/mauve. These are enveloped by cup-shaped bracts (cyathophylls) that may be pale-red, green, or dark wine-colored. Blooming usually occurs from mid-spring to early summer, with flowers often emerging before the new foliage.
Comprehensive Care Guide
Light Needs
Euphorbia millotii prefers bright, indirect sunlight, ideally receiving at least six hours of light daily. While it tolerates moderate shade, growth may be slower. A warm, bright location is beneficial.
Direct, harsh sunlight can scorch foliage, especially for unacclimated plants. If moving a plant to a brighter spot, gradually harden it off over several days to prevent damage. This slow transition allows the plant to adjust to increased light intensity.
Watering Practices
Proper watering uses a “soak and dry” method, ensuring the soil completely dries out between waterings to prevent root rot. Overwatering is a common problem and can cause plant death, especially when the plant is not actively growing. During the active growing season in spring and summer, the plant benefits from ample water, promoting quicker growth.
In cooler winter months, when the plant may enter dormancy and drop leaves, reduce or cease watering. An occasional light watering can prevent excessive dehydration without risking rot. It is better to underwater than overwater to maintain plant health.
Soil Requirements
A well-draining, gritty soil mix is important for Euphorbia millotii. The soil should be mineral-based, allowing water to pass quickly and preventing waterlogging. Incorporating non-organic materials like clay, lava grit, pumice, or coarse sand enhances drainage. Many growers recommend 50% to 75% mineral grit for aeration and drainage. A neutral to slightly acidic soil pH is preferred. This specialized mix mimics its native sandy, well-drained habitat.
Temperature and Humidity
Euphorbia millotii prefers warm to hot temperatures and requires frost protection. It needs a minimum winter temperature of at least 10°C (50°F); warmer conditions are more beneficial. An ideal temperature range for active growth is 18°C to 30°C (65-86°F).
Average household humidity levels are suitable for this plant, as it is accustomed to coastal shrubland environments. While it tolerates a range of humidity, stagnant, overly humid conditions with poor air circulation can contribute to fungal issues.
Fertilization
Fertilization is not essential for Euphorbia millotii, but it can encourage more vigorous growth in established plants. Fertilize only during the active growing season (spring and summer); fertilizing a dormant plant can weaken it or cause root burn. A diluted, balanced fertilizer or one low in nitrogen is suitable. Apply sparingly, following product instructions to avoid over-fertilization. Regular repotting with fresh, gritty soil can also provide sufficient nutrients.
Propagating Euphorbia Millotii
Euphorbia millotii can be propagated from stem cuttings. Take a healthy stem cutting. Allow the milky white sap to dry and the cut end to callus for several days to a week; this prevents rot.
Once callused, plant it in a well-draining, gritty soil mix, similar to mature plant soil. Keep the soil lightly moist, but not wet, until roots form (several weeks). Propagate during the active growing season (spring or early summer) when conditions are warmer and conducive to rooting.
Troubleshooting and Safety
Overwatering is a common problem, leading to soft, mushy stems or root rot; shriveled leaves often indicate underwatering. Common pests include mealybugs and spider mites, identified by their small size and webbing. Addressing these issues promptly helps maintain plant health.
An important safety note for Euphorbia millotii, like other Euphorbia species, is its milky white sap, known as latex. This sap is an irritant and can cause skin and eye irritation or allergic reactions. If ingested, it is toxic. Always wear gloves and eye protection when handling the plant, especially when taking cuttings or if damaged, to avoid contact. If contact occurs, immediately wash the affected area with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if sap enters the eyes or mouth.