The Dragon Willow tree (Salix matsudana ‘Tortuosa’ or Salix babylonica ‘Crispa’) is an ornamental tree known for its distinctive and captivating appearance. Its unique form makes it a popular choice for gardens, adding visual interest and creating a focal point in outdoor spaces.
Unique Characteristics
The Dragon Willow’s most striking feature is its contorted, spiraling branches and trunk, creating an intricate silhouette, especially noticeable in winter when the leaves have fallen. The bark is a deep tan-gray or yellowish-gray. Its narrow, lance-shaped leaves are glossy bright green, often appearing curled or twisted, with some varieties displaying silvery undersides. This deciduous tree grows rapidly, quickly reaching a mature height of 20 to 40 feet with a 15 to 30-foot spread.
Planting and Care
The Dragon Willow thrives in full sun to partial shade, requiring at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight daily. It adapts to various soil types, including clay, loam, and sandy soils, but prefers moist, well-drained conditions and tolerates wet environments. When planting, dig a hole at least twice the width of the root ball and place the tree at the same depth as it was in the nursery. Loosening the soil at the bottom promotes root development.
Consistent moisture is important for the Dragon Willow, especially during its first year of establishment and throughout dry periods. Water deeply once or twice per week to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. A layer of mulch around the base helps retain soil moisture and regulate temperature; keep it a few inches from the trunk. Pruning maintains the tree’s shape, promotes air circulation, and enhances its twisted features. The best time for pruning is late winter or early spring before new growth, focusing on removing dead, damaged, or crossing branches.
Though low-maintenance, a balanced slow-release fertilizer supports growth in early spring; avoid over-fertilization. Dragon Willows are susceptible to aphids, various blights, and cankers. Regular inspection for pests and diseases allows for early detection and management.
Common Uses
The Dragon Willow serves as an excellent ornamental specimen tree in landscapes with its unique twisted branches and vibrant foliage. Its strong root system makes it suitable for erosion control, especially near water bodies where it can help stabilize soil. The contorted branches are popular for floral arrangements, crafts, and decorative displays, particularly in winter when their sculptural form is prominent. Fresh or dried, these branches add an artistic touch to indoor spaces.
Potential Growing Challenges
Despite its ornamental appeal, the Dragon Willow presents some growing challenges. Its aggressive root system can extend widely, potentially interfering with underground pipes or foundations if planted too close to structures. The tree is also susceptible to a range of pests and diseases, including aphids, scale insects, various blights, and cankers. Additionally, its fast growth rate can result in weak wood, making branches prone to breakage during strong winds or storms. Consequently, the tree requires frequent maintenance, including regular pruning, to manage its size and form.