Calathea musaica, often recognized as the Network Plant or Never-Never Plant, is a captivating houseplant cherished for its unique foliage. Native to the tropical Americas, particularly Brazil, its distinctive appearance makes it a popular choice for plant enthusiasts.
Understanding Calathea Musaica
Calathea musaica is known for its elaborate leaf patterns. Its light green leaves feature a detailed network of darker green, vein-like lines, creating a mesmerizing mosaic design. The plant typically forms a spreading bush, reaching up to two feet in height. Like other plants in its family, Calathea musaica displays nyctinasty, a distinctive movement where its leaves fold upwards at night, resembling praying hands, and unfurl again with the morning light.
Calathea Musaica Care Requirements
Calathea musaica thrives when its environmental needs are consistently met, reflecting its tropical origins.
Light
Calathea musaica prospers in bright, indirect light, mimicking the dappled conditions found beneath the rainforest canopy. Placing it near an east-facing window or in a spot with filtered light is ideal. Direct sunlight should be avoided, as it can scorch the delicate leaves and cause the unique patterns to fade. Insufficient light can lead to a loss of leaf vibrancy and stunt growth.
Watering
Maintaining consistent soil moisture is important for Calathea musaica, though it should never be waterlogged. Water when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry to the touch. Using distilled, filtered, or rainwater is preferred, as these plants are sensitive to chemicals like chlorine and fluoride found in tap water, which may cause leaf tip browning. Allowing tap water to sit uncovered overnight can help dissipate some chemicals.
Humidity
High humidity levels are beneficial for Calathea musaica, with an ideal range between 60% and 80%. Insufficient humidity is a common cause of crispy or browning leaf edges. To increase humidity, consider placing the plant on a pebble tray filled with water, grouping it with other plants, or using a room humidifier. Misting provides temporary relief but is not a long-term solution and may encourage fungal issues.
Soil
The ideal soil for Calathea musaica is well-draining yet capable of retaining moisture, and rich in organic matter. A loose and lightweight potting mix supports its delicate root system. A suitable blend includes a peat-based mix amended with perlite or vermiculite to enhance drainage and aeration. A mix of equal parts peat moss or coco coir, perlite, and vermiculite works well, or an African violet mix can also be used.
Temperature
Calathea musaica thrives in a warm and stable environment, with temperatures ideally ranging from 65°F to 80°F (18°C to 27°C). Temperatures consistently below 60°F (15°C) can cause distress. Protect the plant from cold drafts and sudden temperature fluctuations.
Fertilizing
During the active growing season in spring and summer, Calathea musaica benefits from regular fertilization. A diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer, or one slightly higher in nitrogen, applied monthly or every two to four weeks, is sufficient. Dilute the fertilizer to half the recommended strength to avoid burning the roots. Always apply fertilizer to moist soil. During the fall and winter months, cease fertilization.
Repotting Calathea Musaica
Calathea musaica typically requires repotting every two to three years, or when it shows signs of being root-bound. Indicators such as roots circling the pot, stunted growth, or persistent yellowing leaves suggest the plant needs a larger home. The best time for repotting is in early spring, just before its active growth phase.
When repotting, select a pot only one to two inches larger in diameter than its current container. Water the plant thoroughly the day before to ease removal. Carefully remove the plant from its old pot, gently loosening any old soil from the root ball without disturbing the roots excessively. Place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining potting mix. The plant may experience a brief period of droopiness after repotting, and avoid fertilizing for a few weeks to allow it to recover.
Propagating Calathea Musaica
Propagating Calathea musaica is most effectively achieved through division, which involves separating sections of the plant. Unlike many other houseplants, it does not readily propagate from stem or leaf cuttings. The division process is often performed during repotting in early spring.
To propagate, carefully remove the entire plant from its pot and gently remove excess soil from the root system. Look for natural divisions where individual plant sections with their own roots and foliage can be separated. Gently tease these sections apart, ensuring each new division has a healthy root system. Pot each new division into a separate container filled with fresh, well-draining soil. Keep the newly potted divisions consistently moist and in bright, indirect light to encourage establishment.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Crispy or browning leaf edges, yellowing leaves, and curling leaves indicate issues with humidity, watering, light, or temperature. If leaf patterns fade or growth stunts, it may need more light or fertilization. Common pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids can also affect the plant; regular inspection and prompt treatment with insecticidal soap or neem oil are effective.