The Butterfly Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri) is a unique and ornamental succulent known for its striking appearance. It features large, fleshy, ovate-lanceolate leaves with a bronze-green hue, often covered in a waxy white film, giving them a gray-green, splotched look with maroon-brown markings. Its most distinctive characteristic is the formation of numerous “butterfly-like” plantlets, or bulbils, that develop along the margins of its leaves. These small plantlets are miniature clones of the parent plant.
Caring for Butterfly Kalanchoe
Light Needs
Butterfly Kalanchoe thrives in bright, indirect light. While it can tolerate some direct morning sun, harsh afternoon sun, especially during summer, can scorch its leaves. Placing the plant near a well-lit window, such as a south or east-facing one, provides suitable light. Too little light may cause leggy growth.
Watering Practices
As a succulent, Butterfly Kalanchoe stores water in its leaves and tolerates drought, requiring moderate watering. The “soak and dry” method is effective: water thoroughly, then allow the soil to dry completely before rewatering. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure the top 1-2 inches of soil are dry before rewatering. During cooler months or slower growth periods, reduce watering frequency.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining soil is important for Butterfly Kalanchoe to prevent waterlogging and root rot. A succulent or cactus potting mix is suitable, or a homemade blend incorporating perlite, pumice, or coarse sand to enhance drainage. The ideal soil pH ranges from 6.0 to 6.5. Clay pots are recommended as they allow for better root aeration and wick away excess moisture.
Temperature and Humidity
Butterfly Kalanchoe prefers average room temperatures, ideally 64-68°F (18-20°C). It is sensitive to cold, with prolonged exposure below 50-61°F (10-16°C) potentially causing damage or death. Move the plant indoors when temperatures drop. Average household humidity is sufficient, as it thrives in a dry environment.
Fertilization
Butterfly Kalanchoe is not a heavy feeder, but benefits from fertilization during its active growing season (spring and summer). A diluted balanced succulent fertilizer (e.g., 2-4-4 ratio) applied every 4-6 weeks, or bi-weekly with a liquid fertilizer, supports growth. Water the plant before fertilizing to prevent root burn and improve nutrient absorption. Reduce feeding in fall, and stop entirely in winter.
Propagating Butterfly Kalanchoe
Propagating Butterfly Kalanchoe is straightforward, primarily due to the unique plantlets it produces along its leaf margins. These small plantlets, also called bulbils or offsets, naturally develop roots and can detach to grow independently. To propagate, simply remove these plantlets and place them on a well-draining soil mix to root.
While plantlets are the most common and efficient method, propagation can also be achieved through leaf or stem cuttings. For leaf cuttings, select a healthy, mature leaf, allow it to callus for a few days, then place it on well-draining soil until new plantlets and roots form. Stem cuttings involve taking a healthy stem segment, allowing it to callus, then planting it in soil.
Common Issues and Solutions
Issues with Butterfly Kalanchoe are often related to improper care. Leggy growth, characterized by stretched stems, indicates insufficient light; move the plant to a brighter location. Mushy, yellowing, or translucent leaves, and wilting, are signs of overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings and ensuring proper drainage prevents this. Conversely, shriveled or wrinkled leaves suggest underwatering; a thorough watering will rehydrate the plant.
This plant is generally disease-resistant but can be affected by common houseplant pests. Mealybugs, aphids, spider mites, and scale insects may appear, often on the undersides of leaves or new growth. Non-toxic treatments are recommended due to the plant’s sensitivity to chemical insecticides. Note that Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri contains bufadienolide cardiac glycosides and is toxic to pets and humans if ingested, potentially causing gastrointestinal or cardiac issues.