The Black Gold Philodendron (Philodendron melanochrysum) is a highly sought-after houseplant known for its distinctive dark, velvety foliage. Its leaves feature a deep, almost black-green hue, contrasted by iridescent gold or bronze veining. This striking appearance and vining growth habit make it a compelling addition to any indoor plant collection.
Understanding Black Gold Philodendron
Philodendron melanochrysum is native to the humid rainforests of Colombia, thriving as a climbing plant that attaches to trees for light. Its common name, “Black Gold Philodendron,” refers to its mature leaves, which can reach 10 to 30 inches long. These elongated, heart-shaped leaves develop a rich, velvety texture and striking gold or yellow veins. Young leaves often emerge with an ochre or copper tone before transitioning to the characteristic dark green.
Black Gold Philodendron Care
Light Requirements
Black Gold Philodendron thrives in bright, indirect light, similar to its natural understory habitat. An east or west-facing window, filtered by sheer curtains, provides ideal conditions. Direct sunlight can scorch its delicate leaves, causing brown patches or fading. Insufficient light may result in smaller leaves, diminished color, and leggy growth as the plant stretches for light.
Watering Needs
Philodendron melanochrysum prefers consistent moisture but is susceptible to root rot if overwatered. Water thoroughly when the top two to three inches of soil feel dry. Ensure adequate drainage holes and avoid letting the plant sit in standing water. Yellowing leaves often indicate overwatering, while drooping and wilting can signal either too much or too little water.
Soil Mix
An ideal potting mix for Black Gold Philodendron should be well-draining, airy, and rich in organic matter. This prevents waterlogging and provides aeration for healthy root development. A suitable blend includes peat moss or coco coir for moisture retention, combined with perlite, orchid bark, or horticultural charcoal for drainage and aeration.
Temperature and Humidity
Philodendron melanochrysum prefers warm temperatures, ideally between 65°F (18°C) and 85°F (29°C). It is sensitive to cold drafts and sudden temperature drops. High humidity, 60% to 80%, is also important. To increase humidity, use a humidifier, place the plant on a pebble tray, or group it with other plants.
Fertilizing
During its active growing season (spring and summer), Black Gold Philodendron benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, monthly. This supports lush foliage and promotes robust growth. Reduce or cease fertilization during fall and winter when growth slows, as over-fertilization can harm the roots.
Propagating Black Gold Philodendron
Propagating Black Gold Philodendron is commonly achieved through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem section with at least one or two nodes and a few leaves. Make a cut about an inch or two from a node using clean, sharp shears. Remove any leaves that would be submerged in water or rooting medium to prevent rot.
The cuttings can be rooted in water or moist sphagnum moss. If using water, place the cutting in a glass jar, ensuring the node is submerged. Change the water every few days. Roots typically emerge from the nodes within two to four weeks. Once roots are a few inches long, transplant into well-draining potting mix. For rooting in sphagnum moss, keep the moss consistently moist and provide bright, indirect light.
Repotting Black Gold Philodendron
Repotting Philodendron melanochrysum is generally needed every two to three years, or when root-bound. Signs include roots emerging from drainage holes, stunted growth, or soil drying quickly. The ideal time to repot is during spring or early summer, allowing the plant to recover and establish itself during active growth.
When repotting, choose a pot only one size larger to prevent overwatering. Gently remove the plant, loosen any circling roots, and place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining soil. After repotting, water thoroughly and provide slightly reduced watering to acclimate.
Common Issues and Solutions
Several common issues with Black Gold Philodendron often stem from improper environmental conditions. Yellowing leaves frequently signal overwatering or poor drainage, which can lead to root rot. Allow the top few inches of soil to dry between waterings and ensure adequate drainage. Brown leaf tips or edges typically indicate low humidity, remedied by increasing humidity with a humidifier or pebble tray.
Pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids can affect Philodendron melanochrysum. Spider mites, thriving in low humidity, cause speckled or yellowing leaves. Mealybugs appear as white, cotton-like masses; aphids are small, soft-bodied insects. Isolating affected plants and treating with insecticidal soap or neem oil can manage infestations. Regular inspection and wiping leaves can prevent pest build-up.