Begonia hydrocotylifolia, also known as the Water Pennywort Begonia or Pennywort Leaf Begonia, is a captivating houseplant. Its distinctive appearance and manageable care make it a desirable addition to indoor plant collections. This rhizomatous begonia offers a unique aesthetic, setting it apart from common houseplants.
Distinct Features of Begonia Hydrocotylifolia
Begonia hydrocotylifolia is recognized for its unique foliage, often resembling small lily pads or coins. Its leaves are typically round or heart-shaped, leathery, and display a rich, dark green color, sometimes with a metallic or iridescent sheen. The undersides can exhibit a light red hue. This species grows from a creeping rhizome, forming a lush, low-growing mat of foliage. While primarily grown for its attractive leaves, it also produces small, rose-pink flowers, typically blooming in winter and spring.
Comprehensive Care Guide
Light Requirements
Begonia hydrocotylifolia thrives in bright, indirect light. An east or north-facing window, or a spot with filtered sunlight, is ideal. Direct, harsh afternoon sun can scorch its delicate leaves, causing brown patches. Consistent bright, indirect light promotes vibrant foliage and healthy growth. Adequate light also prevents leggy growth, indicated by overly dark green leaves and shedding lower foliage.
Watering Needs
Proper watering is crucial for Begonia hydrocotylifolia. Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out between waterings. Overwatering often leads to root rot (yellow leaves, mushy stems), while underwatering causes crispy, dry leaves and wilting. Keep the soil consistently moist but never waterlogged, ensuring good drainage. Water thoroughly until water drains from the pot’s bottom.
Humidity and Temperature
This begonia prefers a warm, humid environment, reflecting its tropical origins. An ideal temperature range is 18°C to 24°C (65°F to 75°F). It benefits from high humidity, ideally 60% or higher. Increase humidity using a pebble tray, grouping plants, or a room humidifier. Avoid placing the plant near drafts, air conditioning vents, or radiators, as sudden temperature fluctuations can stress it and cause leaf problems.
Potting Mix and Soil
A well-draining, airy, and slightly acidic potting mix is best. A good blend includes peat moss or coco coir, perlite, and compost. This combination retains moisture without waterlogging, preventing root rot. For optimal drainage, a mix of approximately 40% potting soil, 20% perlite, 20% coco coir or peat moss, and 10% bark or wood chips works well. A soilless mix is recommended, as garden soil can introduce pests and diseases.
Fertilization
During its active growing season (spring through summer), Begonia hydrocotylifolia benefits from regular fertilization. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 NPK formula, diluted to half strength. Apply this fertilizer every 4 to 6 weeks, or monthly, to support healthy growth and flowering. Reduce or stop fertilizing during the plant’s dormancy in late fall and winter when growth slows. Over-fertilization can harm the plant.
Propagating Your Begonia
Begonia hydrocotylifolia can be propagated using several methods, with rhizome division and leaf cuttings being common choices.
Rhizome Division
Rhizome division involves carefully separating a section of the creeping rhizome with roots attached and planting it. This method creates new plants identical to the parent.
Cuttings
Leaf cuttings are another effective method. A healthy leaf can be placed in moist soil; with consistent warmth and humidity, new growth will emerge. Techniques include slitting veins on the leaf’s underside or cutting the leaf into sections to encourage multiple plantlets. Stem cuttings, where a section of stem with leaves and a node is rooted in moist medium or water, are also viable. The growing season is the best time for propagation.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Common issues indicate environmental stress. Yellowing leaves often signal overwatering or nutrient deficiency. Crispy brown edges point to low humidity or insufficient watering. Leggy growth, with stretched stems and sparse foliage, indicates insufficient light.
Pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids can affect the plant. Signs of infestation include visible insects, webbing, sticky residue, or distorted growth. Regular inspection, especially of leaf undersides, aids early detection. Addressing problems promptly through proper watering, light adjustment, increased humidity, and pest control maintains a healthy plant.