Begonia boliviensis is a captivating plant known for its vibrant, cascading flowers. Originating from the mountainous regions of Bolivia and Argentina, this tuberous begonia adds visual impact to gardens and container displays. Its elongated, bell-shaped blooms, which can appear in shades of red, orange, pink, and white, cascade gracefully, making it a popular choice for hanging baskets and patios. It flowers continuously from late spring through autumn, offering prolonged color.
Essential Growing Conditions
Light Requirements
Begonia boliviensis thrives in bright, indirect light, mimicking its natural dappled sunlight habitat. Morning sun or filtered light is ideal. Direct, harsh afternoon sun can scorch leaves and impede flowering. While it can tolerate some shade, excessive shade may result in leggy growth and fewer blooms.
Watering Practices
Consistent moisture is important, but Begonia boliviensis is sensitive to overwatering, which can lead to root rot. The soil should remain moist but not waterlogged, allowing the top inch or two to dry slightly between waterings. Check soil moisture by touch or with a moisture meter. Reduced watering is necessary during cooler temperatures or the plant’s dormant period.
Soil and Potting
A well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter is suitable for Begonia boliviensis. A mix containing peat moss or coco coir, perlite, and compost, or a standard potting mix with added perlite, is recommended. Pots must have drainage holes to prevent water accumulation. Repotting is typically needed every one to two years or when the plant becomes root-bound.
Fertilization Needs
During its active growing season (spring through summer), Begonia boliviensis benefits from regular fertilization. A balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 20-20-20 NPK) applied every two to four weeks supports healthy growth and abundant blooms. A high phosphorus fertilizer can also encourage root growth and flower production. Diluting the fertilizer to half-strength can help prevent root burn.
Temperature and Humidity
It prefers stable temperatures, ideally 65-75°F (18-24°C) during the day and 56-60°F (14-16°C) at night. It is sensitive to extreme cold and sudden temperature fluctuations. High humidity (60-80%) is also beneficial, reflecting its native cloud forest environment. Methods to increase humidity include using pebble trays or grouping plants together.
Seasonal Care and Overwintering
Preparing for Dormancy
As temperatures drop in autumn, Begonia boliviensis tubers enter a dormant period. This is signaled by reduced daylight and cooler temperatures. To prepare the plant for dormancy, gradually reduce watering and cease fertilization. Allow foliage to yellow and die back naturally.
Storing Tubers
After foliage has withered, typically after the first frost, carefully dig up the tubers. Clean excess soil from tubers and dry them for several days in a warm, dry environment. Once dry, store tubers in a cool, dark, dry place (e.g., paper bag, peat moss, or vermiculite) at 40-50°F (4-10°C). This prevents rot and preserves them for the next season.
Reawakening in Spring
In late winter or early spring, about 6-8 weeks before the last frost, tubers can be brought out of dormancy. Repot them in fresh, well-draining potting mix, concave side up. Begin with light watering, gradually increasing it as new shoots emerge. Introduce the plant to bright, indirect light; as growth progresses, provide more warmth and light.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Leaf Problems
Yellowing leaves often indicate overwatering or poor drainage, leading to root rot. Allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings and ensuring proper drainage resolves this. Brown or crispy leaf edges and tips usually point to underwatering, low humidity, or excessive direct sun. Providing consistent moisture, increasing humidity, and moving the plant to filtered light helps.
Pest Infestations
Common pests affecting Begonia boliviensis include aphids, spider mites, and mealybugs. Aphids are small insects on new growth; spider mites create fine webs and cause stippling on leaves. Mealybugs appear as white, cottony masses. Early identification allows for effective treatment, including insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Lack of Blooms
Insufficient light is a frequent reason for a lack of flowering, as Begonia boliviensis needs bright, indirect light for abundant blooms. Incorrect fertilization, such as too much nitrogen (which promotes foliage over flowers), can also inhibit blooming. Stress from improper watering (too much or too little) or extreme temperatures can also reduce flowering. Ensuring optimal growing conditions and using a balanced fertilizer encourages more blooms.