The Austrocylindropuntia subulata monstrose, known as “Eve’s Needle Cactus” or “Christmas Tree Cactus,” is a unique succulent prized for its unusual appearance. This mutant form of Austrocylindropuntia subulata showcases striking, contorted growth patterns. Its distinctive, irregular form makes it a captivating addition to any plant collection. While the non-monstrose form is known as Eve’s Needle, the ‘Monstrosa’ cultivar has densely branched, upright green cylindrical shoots that develop into a smaller, shrub-like form.
Understanding the Monstrose Form
The term “monstrose” describes a genetic mutation affecting a plant’s apical meristem, its primary growth point. Instead of organized, singular growth, the meristem develops randomly, causing new growth to emerge from various points. For Austrocylindropuntia subulata, this mutation results in an irregular, lumpy, or distorted appearance, forming unique, unpredictable shapes rather than defined stems. This differs from the typical, uniform columnar growth of the non-monstrose Austrocylindropuntia subulata. The contorted growth patterns contribute to its unique aesthetic appeal, making each plant one-of-a-kind.
Care Requirements
Light
Austrocylindropuntia subulata monstrose thrives in bright, direct sunlight, mimicking its native arid environment. Indoors, a south-facing window provides ample light. Outdoors, a sunny spot with direct sun is beneficial. During its initial growth, gradually introduce it to full sun to prevent sunburn. Insufficient light can lead to etiolation, causing the plant to stretch and lose its compact form.
Soil and Potting
Well-draining soil is important for this cactus, as it is sensitive to excess moisture around its roots. A specialized cactus or succulent mix is recommended, or create your own by adding pumice, perlite, or coarse sand to a standard potting mix to improve drainage. Pots with drainage holes prevent water accumulation, which can lead to root rot. Repotting is best done in spring, allowing the plant to establish itself in fresh soil. Perform this every two to three years or when the plant outgrows its container.
Watering
The “soak and dry” method is ideal for watering this cactus. Thoroughly water the plant until water drains from the bottom, then allow the soil to dry completely before the next watering. Watering frequency depends on the season; during active growth in spring and summer, it requires more regular watering. In cooler months, especially winter, reduce or cease watering entirely to prevent root rot, as the plant enters dormancy.
Temperature and Humidity
This cactus prefers warm temperatures and tolerates heat well, thriving in daytime temperatures between 70-90°F (21-32°C). It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from freezing temperatures; bring it indoors if temperatures drop below 41°F (5°C). While it adapts to normal indoor humidity, high humidity with low temperatures can make it susceptible to rot. Good air circulation around the plant helps mimic its natural arid habitat.
Fertilization
Fertilization is not a frequent requirement for this cactus. During the active growing season in spring and summer, apply a balanced, diluted succulent or cactus fertilizer once a month. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can harm the plant. Fertilizing encourages vigorous growth, particularly for mature plants.
Propagation
This cactus is easy to propagate, primarily through stem cuttings. Take a healthy stem cutting from the parent plant, ensuring a clean cut. After taking the cutting, allow the cut end to “callus over” for several days to a week; this drying period prevents rot when planted. Once callused, plant it in a pot filled with a well-draining cactus or succulent soil mix. Water sparingly until the cutting develops roots and shows new growth, indicating successful establishment.
Common Problems
Root rot, primarily caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil, is a common issue with symptoms including a blackening base and a soft, shriveled appearance. To avoid this, always allow the soil to dry completely between waterings and ensure adequate drainage. Etiolation, or stretching, occurs when the plant does not receive enough light. This results in thin, elongated growth as it searches for light, and can be corrected by moving it to a brighter location. While generally resistant, this cactus can be affected by pests like mealybugs or scale, which should be addressed promptly with insecticidal treatments.