Amorphophallus mossambicensis is a unique plant species in the Araceae family, native to southern Africa, including Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. It is known for its unusual growth cycle and striking appearance.
Unique Characteristics and Lifecycle
The lifecycle of Amorphophallus mossambicensis begins with a corm, an underground storage organ that sustains the plant through dormancy. After this dormant period, a single, highly dissected leaf emerges, which can reach 3 to 6 feet in height, appearing like a collection of distinct leaflets. This leaf photosynthesizes and stores energy back into the corm for the next growth cycle.
After active growth, the leaf dies back, and the corm re-enters dormancy. When mature and conditions are suitable, the plant produces a dramatic inflorescence instead of a leaf. This inflorescence, often called a “corpse flower” due to its scent, consists of a spathe (a modified leaf-like bract) and a spadix (a fleshy spike bearing tiny flowers).
The inflorescence is notable for its burgundy color and a wreath-like bract around the purple spadix. This flower emits a scent reminiscent of rotting meat or dung, typically opening in the early evening. This scent attracts carrion-feeding insects like beetles and flies, which act as pollinators. The blooming period is transient, often lasting only a few days, after which the inflorescence withers, and a new leaf stalk may emerge.
Cultivation and Care
Amorphophallus mossambicensis thrives in bright, indirect light, similar to its natural habitat of part sun to light shade. While it appreciates warmth, prevent the leaves from drying out, especially during warmer periods.
A well-draining, rich substrate is recommended for healthy corm development, as this plant is sensitive to waterlogging. Incorporating a layer of bark or stones at the bottom of the pot can help ensure proper drainage. It requires high temperatures, around 25°C (77°F).
Watering varies by growth phase. During active growth, water the plant well, allowing the soil surface to dry between waterings. During dormancy, reduce water significantly, but do not let the corm dry out completely, as this can be detrimental. Overwatering, especially during dormancy, can lead to corm rot.
Fertilize during the active growing season to support development and energy storage in the corm. During dormancy, typically in winter, the leaf yellows and dies back. At this point, cease watering entirely. The corm can be lifted from the soil and stored dry at room temperature until spring, or left in the pot without water.
Propagation
Propagation is primarily through offsets or cormels that form around the main corm. These smaller tubers can be separated from the parent plant during its dormant phase. Once separated, pot these cormels individually in a suitable well-draining soil mix to begin their own growth cycle.
While seed propagation is possible, with berries containing one to two seeds that germinate within weeks of ripening, it is less common for home growers. Offsets offer a straightforward and faster method to multiply your collection.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Corm rot is a common issue, often caused by overwatering, especially during dormancy. To prevent this, ensure excellent drainage in the potting mix and adjust watering strictly according to the plant’s active growth or dormancy phase. If rot is suspected, inspect the corm, remove any affected areas, and allow it to dry before repotting in fresh, dry substrate.
Pests are generally not a major concern, but spider mites or mealybugs can occasionally affect the plant. Regular inspection of the foliage helps detect infestations early, which can be managed with horticultural sprays or manual removal.
Lack of blooming can stem from several factors. Insufficient light during the active growing season can hinder the corm’s ability to store enough energy for flowering. An immature corm, not yet a sufficient size, may delay blooms. Ensuring the corm experiences a proper dormancy period with reduced water and appropriate temperatures is also important for encouraging future flowering.