Aloe spinosissima, known as Spiny Aloe or Spider Aloe, is a robust succulent hybrid. Combining qualities of Aloe arborescens and Aloe humilis, it is popular for gardens or pots, adding visual interest with its unique form and striking flowers.
Key Characteristics
Aloe spinosissima is a medium-sized, clump-forming perennial, reaching 2 to 3 feet in height and width. Its rosettes have fleshy, grey-green leaves tapering to a point. Despite its name, leaf margin teeth are noticeable but not sharp. New rosettes emerge from the base, forming clumps. Tall, unbranched flower spikes, 1.5 to 3 feet above foliage, display tubular red, orange, or coral flowers. Blooming occurs from late winter to early spring, sometimes extending into fall and winter.
Cultivation and Care
Light Requirements
Aloe spinosissima thrives in ample sunlight, ideally receiving at least six hours of full sun daily. It tolerates partial shade, especially in hotter climates, where young plants may need protection from intense afternoon sun. Pale or soft leaves indicate a need for more light.
Watering Needs
This succulent has low watering requirements. Use a “soak and dry” method, allowing soil to dry completely between waterings. Reduce frequency during cooler, dormant winter months to prevent root problems. Overwatering commonly causes decline and root rot.
Soil Preferences
Well-draining soil prevents waterlogging and root rot. A specialized cactus or succulent potting mix is ideal, providing aeration and drainage. Incorporating grit or coarse sand further enhances drainage. The plant adapts to various soil types if drainage is good.
Temperature and Humidity
Aloe spinosissima tolerates temperatures down to 20-25°F (-6.7°C to -3.9°C) for short periods. It is not frost-hardy and needs protection from freezing. In colder winters, grow it in containers for indoor relocation or sheltered spots. It prefers dry to average conditions, so humidity is not a concern.
Fertilizing
Fertilize Aloe spinosissima sparingly. During its active growing season (spring to late summer), apply a balanced, half-strength liquid fertilizer monthly. Do not fertilize during winter dormancy. Over-fertilization can harm the plant, so follow dosages.
Propagation
Propagate Aloe spinosissima easily using offsets, or “pups,” which form around the mature plant’s base. Carefully separate offsets, ensuring roots are attached. Allow them to callus for a few days before planting in well-draining succulent soil.
Seed propagation is possible but more challenging. Seeds need well-draining soil and consistent moisture until germination. The offset method is quicker and more reliable.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Most Aloe spinosissima problems stem from improper watering or light. Overwatering causes soft, mushy leaves and fatal root rot. Underwatering leads to shriveled, thin leaves, indicating dehydration. Adjust your watering to allow soil to dry completely between applications.
Aloe spinosissima can be susceptible to pests like mealybugs and spider mites. Regular inspection aids early detection. Manage pests by wiping them with rubbing alcohol or applying insecticidal soap. Proper air circulation and avoiding high humidity deter infestations.