The squiggly cactus, known for its distinctive, undulating stems, has become a popular houseplant. Its unique form adds an interesting element to any indoor plant collection, and it is considered a relatively adaptable species.
Understanding the Squiggly Cactus
The squiggly cactus is known by common names like Zig-zag Cactus and Fishbone Cactus. Its scientific classification is Epiphyllum anguliger, sometimes reclassified as Disocactus anguliger. The plant’s most striking feature is its flat, serrated stems, which grow in a characteristic zig-zag or fishbone pattern. These stems can reach lengths of up to three feet, often trailing from hanging baskets.
This is an epiphytic cactus, meaning it naturally grows on other plants, such as trees, in its native Mexican rainforest habitat. It tucks its roots into crevices and decaying organic matter on tree branches. These rainforest origins dictate its specific care requirements, which differ from desert cacti.
Essential Care for Squiggly Cactus
Light
The squiggly cactus thrives in bright, indirect light. In its natural environment, it grows beneath the canopy, receiving dappled sunlight. Place the plant near a north or east-facing window to prevent stem scorching, as too much direct sunlight can cause stems to yellow or burn.
Watering
Water the squiggly cactus more frequently than desert cacti, but ensure good drainage. Allow the top one to two inches of soil to dry out completely between waterings during the growing season. Overwatering causes root rot, so ensure water drains freely from the pot. During winter, reduce watering significantly, letting the soil become almost dry.
Potting Mix
Use a well-draining, airy potting mix that mimics the plant’s epiphytic nature. A succulent or cactus soil amended with orchid bark, perlite, or peat moss creates an ideal environment, allowing for aeration around the roots and preventing waterlogging. Repot every two to three years in fresh, well-draining soil to promote plant health.
Temperature and Humidity
Maintain appropriate temperature and humidity levels. The plant prefers temperatures between 61°F and 77°F (16°C to 25°C) and higher humidity, ideally around 60%. While it tolerates average indoor humidity, occasional misting or a humidity tray can help. Avoid placing the plant near cold drafts or heating vents, which cause temperature fluctuations.
Fertilizing
Fertilize during the active growing season. Apply a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer or specialized cactus fertilizer diluted to half strength every four to six weeks from spring through summer. Reduce or stop fertilization during fall and winter to allow for dormancy. Excessive nitrogen can promote stem growth at the expense of blooms.
Troubleshooting Common Squiggly Cactus Issues
Yellowing or Browning Stems
Yellowing or browning stems often signal improper watering or excessive light. Stems turning yellow, particularly at the base, can indicate overwatering and root rot. Too much direct sun can lead to yellowing or reddish discoloration. Adjust the watering schedule or relocate the plant to a spot with bright, indirect light.
Lack of Growth or Shriveled Stems
Lack of growth or shriveled stems can indicate underwatering or insufficient nutrients. Wrinkled or less plump stems often mean the plant needs water. While these plants tolerate some drought, consistent underwatering hinders development. Ensure a consistent watering routine and regular fertilization during the growing season to revitalize sluggish growth.
Pests
Pests can occasionally affect the squiggly cactus. Common houseplant pests like mealybugs, spider mites, or scale insects may appear. Inspect the plant regularly to detect infestations early. Treat affected areas with insecticidal soap or a diluted rubbing alcohol solution.
Lack of Flowers
Several factors contribute to a lack of flowers. Insufficient light is a common reason, as the plant requires ample bright, indirect light to produce blooms. Improper watering, especially overwatering, can also inhibit flowering. Providing a cooler, drier rest period during winter, with temperatures between 50°F and 60°F (10°C to 16°C), can encourage flower bud formation.
Propagating Squiggly Cactus
Propagate the squiggly cactus through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem section, four to six inches long, using clean, sharp pruning shears. Allow the cut end to dry and form a callus for a few days before planting to prevent rot.
After callusing, plant the cutting one to two inches deep into a pot filled with well-draining potting mix, such as cactus soil with perlite or orchid bark. Keep the soil lightly moist but not saturated during the rooting phase, which typically takes a few weeks. Place the potted cutting in a warm spot with bright, indirect light to support root development.