Philodendron hederaceum, also known as the Heartleaf Philodendron or “Scandens plant,” is a popular indoor plant. This evergreen perennial vine originates from the tropical regions of Central and South America and the West Indies. Its name, “Philodendron,” comes from Greek words meaning “love” and “tree,” reflecting its natural tendency to climb trees. Its glossy, heart-shaped leaves and vining growth make it a popular choice for home decor.
Popular Scandens Plant Varieties
Beyond the classic deep green Heartleaf Philodendron, several popular cultivars of Philodendron hederaceum offer diverse foliage colors and patterns. The ‘Brasil’ variety features vibrant green leaves with striking lime green or yellow variegation. ‘Micans’, also known as the “velvet philodendron,” has velvety leaves that often display a subtle bronze or reddish tint, especially on new growth.
The ‘Lemon Lime’ cultivar, or ‘Neon Philodendron’, stands out with its bright chartreuse foliage. Its leaves emerge with an electric pinkish-yellow hue, maturing to deep lemon and then to vibrant lime green. These varieties share the easy-care characteristics of the species and can grow quite long, making them versatile for various display methods.
Essential Scandens Plant Care
Light Needs
Heartleaf Philodendrons thrive in bright, indirect light, such as near an east or west-facing window. They can tolerate medium to low light, but growth may slow, and foliage might become less vibrant. Direct sunlight, especially harsh midday sun, can scorch leaves, leading to pale or yellowed spots.
Watering Practices
Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot. Prolonged dryness can cause leaves to droop or develop crisp, brown edges. Using tepid water is beneficial, as cold water can shock the plant’s root system.
Soil Requirements
A well-draining, airy potting mix rich in organic matter is suitable. A common homemade mix includes peat moss, perlite, and coarse sand or vermiculite. Some mixes also incorporate coco coir, pine bark, or charcoal to enhance drainage and aeration. Ensure adequate drainage holes in the pot to prevent water accumulation.
Temperature and Humidity
Heartleaf Philodendrons prefer temperatures from 65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 29 degrees Celsius). They are sensitive to cold and should not be exposed to temperatures below 50-60 degrees Fahrenheit (10-15 degrees Celsius), as prolonged cold can stress the plant. Higher humidity levels (40-60%) promote larger leaves and more vigorous growth. To increase humidity, mist leaves periodically, place the pot on a pebble tray, or group plants together.
Fertilizing
During their active growing season (spring and summer), Heartleaf Philodendrons benefit from regular fertilization. Use a balanced, water-soluble houseplant fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 NPK ratio) once a month or every three to four months, diluted to half strength. Fertilize when the soil is moist to avoid burning roots. Reduce or stop fertilization during fall and winter when growth slows.
Pruning and Support
Pruning Heartleaf Philodendrons helps maintain a bushy appearance and encourages new growth. Regularly trimming leggy or overgrown stems leads to a fuller plant. These natural climbers and trailers are versatile for display. They can be trained to climb structures like moss poles or trellises, or their long vines can trail from hanging baskets or shelves.
Propagating Scandens Plants
Propagating Heartleaf Philodendrons is straightforward, primarily through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem and cut just below a node (the small bump where a leaf or aerial root originates). Each cutting should have at least one to three leaves.
Place cuttings in water, ensuring at least one node is submerged. Position in indirect light; roots should form within weeks. Once roots are 1-2 inches (3-6 cm) long, transfer to a pot with well-draining potting mix. Alternatively, plant unrooted cuttings directly into moist soil, keeping it consistently moist until new growth appears.
Troubleshooting Common Scandens Plant Issues
Heartleaf Philodendrons are resilient but can show issues if environmental needs aren’t met. Yellowing leaves often indicate overwatering, insufficient light, nutrient deficiencies, or natural aging. If leaves yellow broadly, assess watering and light.
Browning leaf tips or scorched patches suggest too much direct sunlight or low humidity. Underwatering can also cause crisp, brown foliage and drooping. Leggy plants with elongated stems and widely spaced leaves signal inadequate light, requiring a brighter location. While generally pest-resistant, they can be affected by mealybugs, spider mites, or aphids, causing yellowing or leaf damage.