The Leatherleaf Tree (Viburnum rhytidophyllum) is a broadleaf evergreen shrub native to central and western China. Valued for its distinctive foliage and multi-season appeal, it brings unique texture and visual interest to garden settings.
Identifying Leatherleaf Trees
Its leaves are 4 to 8 inches long, dark green, glossy, and wrinkled. The undersides are paler with a gray-brown, fuzzy texture and prominent veins. While evergreen, in colder climates, it may be semi-evergreen and lose some leaves during harsh winters.
In late spring to early summer, the tree produces creamy-white flower clusters, 4 to 8 inches across, with a mild fragrance. After blooming, small, oval fruits develop, turning from bright red in early fall to glossy black. These berries persist into winter, adding ornamental appeal. The shrub grows 6 to 15 feet tall and wide, forming an upright, multi-stemmed habit with dark gray bark.
Cultivating Leatherleaf Trees
The Leatherleaf Tree thrives in various conditions. It prefers full sun to partial shade, requiring at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth. Protection from strong winter winds and sun is beneficial in colder regions to prevent leaf scorch and dieback.
This plant adapts to various soil types, including sandy, loam, and clay, but performs best in average, moderately fertile, well-drained soil. A soil pH of 4.5 to 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral) is suitable. Ensure good drainage when planting to prevent waterlogging. Incorporating organic matter, like compost, improves both drainage and water retention.
Regular watering is important for newly planted Leatherleaf Trees to establish a strong root system. Once established, the plant exhibits good drought tolerance, but benefits from supplemental watering during prolonged dry periods. Water deeply once a week, providing about an inch of water, allowing the soil to dry partially between waterings.
Fertilization is recommended in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. An additional feeding in early fall can support overall plant health, especially in warmer climates. A balanced, slow-release fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 or one slightly higher in nitrogen, promotes healthy growth and flowering.
Minimal pruning is needed, primarily to remove dead or damaged branches or to maintain shape. Pruning is best done immediately after flowering, as flower buds form on old wood for the following year’s bloom. The Leatherleaf Tree is hardy in USDA plant hardiness zones 5 through 8.
Benefits and Considerations
The Leatherleaf Tree offers several landscape advantages due to its year-round appeal. Its evergreen foliage provides consistent color and structure, making it suitable for hedges, screens, or as a specimen plant. The leathery leaves and upright growth create a bold texture in garden designs.
Beyond aesthetics, the plant contributes to local ecosystems. Its creamy-white flowers attract pollinators like butterflies and bees, enhancing biodiversity. The red to black berries serve as a food source for birds, especially in fall and winter. This low-maintenance shrub resists many common pests and diseases and tolerates urban conditions and air pollution. In colder regions, winter dieback may occur, so protection from harsh winds is advisable. Hairs on the leaf undersides may cause skin irritation during pruning.