Ear drainage (otorrhea) is a common symptom of ear inflammation. This fluid varies in consistency and color, appearing clear, cloudy, or tinged with blood or pus. Proper cleaning supports healing and prevents irritation.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While some ear drainage can be managed at home, certain signs indicate the need for professional medical evaluation. Consult a healthcare provider if drainage is accompanied by a persistent high fever, severe ear pain that does not improve, or sudden hearing loss. Dizziness, balance problems, or facial muscle weakness also warrant immediate medical attention, as these signal a more involved condition.
Changes in the drainage itself, such as a dramatic increase in volume, a foul odor, or fresh blood, should prompt a doctor’s visit. A healthcare provider can accurately diagnose the cause, which might include a ruptured eardrum, and recommend appropriate treatment. Self-cleaning practices are generally suitable only for mild, uncomplicated cases and should be performed under medical guidance.
Safe Cleaning Practices
Cleaning ear drainage safely involves focusing on the outer ear and the opening of the ear canal without inserting anything deep inside. Begin by washing your hands thoroughly with soap and water to prevent introducing bacteria.
Use a clean, soft cloth or cotton ball dampened with warm water to gently dab away any visible drainage around the ear and at its outer opening. For a mild saline solution, dissolve a teaspoon of salt in half a cup of warm water, ensuring it’s fully dissolved. Gently apply the solution with a cotton ball, allowing it to absorb the drainage rather than rubbing.
After cleaning, gently pat the area dry with a separate clean cloth. Keep the outer ear dry to discourage bacterial growth. Repeat this gentle cleaning process as needed throughout the day to keep the area clear and comfortable.
What Not to Do
Several practices can be harmful when dealing with ear drainage and should be strictly avoided. Never insert cotton swabs, fingers, or any other objects into the ear canal. Doing so can push debris or infection deeper, potentially damaging the eardrum or worsening the infection.
Avoid using harsh chemicals, undiluted hydrogen peroxide, or alcohol directly in the ear canal unless specifically instructed by a medical professional. While hydrogen peroxide is sometimes used to break down earwax, it can cause irritation or damage to delicate ear tissues, especially if a ruptured eardrum is present. These substances can strip the ear canal of its natural protective oils, leading to further irritation. Excessive cleaning or vigorous rubbing of the ear can also cause irritation and should be avoided.
Managing Ear Infection Drainage
Beyond direct cleaning, managing ear infection drainage involves broader hygiene and care practices to support healing. Keep the affected ear area dry, especially after bathing or showering. Gently pat the outer ear with a clean towel, or use a hairdryer on the lowest setting, held several inches away, to help evaporate moisture.
If a doctor has recommended placing cotton or a dressing in the outer ear to absorb drainage, ensure these are changed regularly to maintain cleanliness and prevent moisture buildup. Avoid touching the affected ear unnecessarily, as this can introduce more germs or cause further irritation. Consistently follow any treatment plan prescribed by a doctor for the underlying ear infection, which may include ear drops or oral medication.