An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device designed to deliver an electrical shock to the heart during sudden cardiac arrest. This condition occurs when the heart’s electrical system malfunctions, leading to an irregular rhythm that prevents it from effectively pumping blood. If not addressed promptly, the chance of survival decreases by 7% to 10% for every minute without defibrillation. AEDs are designed for use by the general public, providing audio and visual prompts to guide rescuers. Consistent and thorough checks are important to ensure an AED is ready for use.
Quick Visual Checks
Routine visual inspections confirm an AED’s readiness for use and can be performed frequently, such as daily or weekly. The most immediate indicator of an AED’s status is its visual display. Many AEDs feature a status indicator, often a blinking green light or an “OK” symbol, which signifies that the device has passed its internal self-tests and is ready for use. Conversely, a flashing red light or an “X” symbol typically suggests that the AED requires attention.
Beyond the indicator light, visually assess the AED unit for obvious external damage, such as cracks, dirt, or signs of tampering. Ensuring the AED’s physical integrity helps confirm it can withstand handling during an emergency. The AED should also be accessible and unobstructed, allowing quick retrieval and deployment. Maintaining a clean device, free from excessive dust or debris, supports its overall reliability.
Detailed Component Inspections
Beyond daily visual checks, comprehensive inspections, typically monthly or quarterly, assess internal components and consumables. A primary aspect of these detailed checks involves verifying the expiration dates of electrode pads. These pads, which adhere to the patient’s chest and deliver the electrical shock, have a limited shelf life, typically 18 months to 5 years, as the electrolyte gel can dry out. Expired pads may not adhere properly or conduct energy effectively, compromising the defibrillator’s ability to deliver a shock. Some AEDs may require different sizes of pads for adult and pediatric patients, which should also be checked for expiration.
The battery also has a finite lifespan, generally two to five years in standby mode, depending on the AED model. Batteries may have a “manufactured date,” an “install by” date, and an “expiration date,” with the operational life starting once installed. An expired battery may not retain enough charge to deliver the necessary shock. Regularly checking the battery’s expiration date and ensuring it is properly installed helps maintain the AED’s readiness. The AED’s accessory kit should also be inspected to ensure all essential items are present and in good condition, including scissors, a razor, gloves, and a CPR mask.
Addressing Issues and Malfunctions
If routine checks reveal a problem, an AED often communicates this through specific error indicators. A flashing red light, an “X” symbol, or an audible alarm can signal an issue like a low battery, expired pads, or an internal malfunction. Some devices may also display error messages on their screen, indicating the need for service or component replacement. Ignoring these warnings can render the AED ineffective in an emergency.
While complex repairs should be left to professionals, some basic troubleshooting steps can be attempted. Ensuring that components like electrode pads and batteries are properly seated and connected can sometimes resolve minor issues. However, if an issue persists or cannot be resolved with simple checks, it is important to contact the AED manufacturer, distributor, or a certified service provider immediately. A malfunctioning AED should be clearly marked “out of service” or removed from public access to prevent its attempted use in an emergency while it is not functional. A faulty AED is unable to deliver life-saving therapy during a cardiac arrest. Promptly addressing problems maintains readiness.