Impatiens capensis, commonly known as Jewelweed, Orange Balsam, or Spotted Touch-me-not, is an annual plant recognized for its distinctive orange, trumpet-shaped flowers often speckled with reddish-brown spots. This herbaceous plant typically grows 2 to 5 feet tall with succulent, translucent stems. Its “touch-me-not” seed pods explosively dehisce, or burst open, at the slightest touch when ripe, dispersing seeds. Native to northern and eastern North America, Jewelweed has also been historically used in traditional Native American medicine for treating skin irritations like poison ivy.
Habitat and Growing Environment
Impatiens capensis thrives in moist, semi-shady conditions, reflecting its natural habitat. It is commonly found in low woodlands, along stream banks, in ditches, and around the edges of marshes and bogs. This plant prefers environments where the soil remains consistently wet or boggy. Jewelweed can often form dense stands in these favored habitats.
Essential Care Requirements
Light
Jewelweed performs best in partial to full shade conditions. While it can tolerate dappled sunlight or some morning sun, strong afternoon sun can scorch its delicate leaves. Providing filtered light, such as that found under a tree canopy, helps mimic its preferred woodland environment. In shadier spots, the plant maintains healthier foliage and more consistent growth.
Water
This plant requires consistently moist to wet soil, especially during dry periods. Regular watering is necessary to keep the soil evenly moist. Mulching can help retain soil moisture, reducing the frequency of watering. Avoid waterlogged conditions where roots are constantly submerged.
Soil
Ideal soil for Impatiens capensis is rich, moist, and well-draining, with a high organic matter content. It thrives in humusy soil, which provides necessary nutrients and moisture retention. While it prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH, Jewelweed tolerates a range of soil types, including heavy clay. Incorporating compost into the planting area can significantly improve soil quality.
Temperature and Humidity
Impatiens capensis prefers cool, temperate climates and is sensitive to frost. Temperatures between 60°F and 75°F (15°C to 24°C) are suitable for its growth. It appreciates a humid environment. Low humidity can stress the plant.
Common Challenges and Considerations
Impatiens capensis is a vigorous self-seeder; its explosive seed pods disperse seeds widely, leading to prolific spread and the formation of large colonies if left unchecked. To manage its spread, remove spent flowers before seed pods mature, or embrace its naturalizing tendency in appropriate moist, shady borders. While robust, Jewelweed can be susceptible to powdery mildew, particularly with poor air circulation. Ensuring adequate spacing and avoiding overhead watering helps mitigate this issue. The plant exhibits good resistance to many common garden pests, though deer may browse foliage and certain small mammals and birds consume its seeds.