Calathea plants are cherished for their striking foliage and vibrant patterns, yet they have a reputation for being particular about their care, especially when it comes to watering. Their sensitivity to inconsistent moisture levels can make traditional top-watering methods challenging for many plant enthusiasts. Bottom watering offers an effective solution, providing a consistent and gentle approach to hydration that supports the plant’s overall health and aesthetic appeal.
What is Bottom Watering
Bottom watering is a method where plants absorb water from the base of their pot rather than being watered from above. This technique utilizes capillary action, the process by which water moves upwards through small spaces against the force of gravity. When a potted plant is placed in a tray or basin of water, the soil acts like a sponge, drawing moisture upwards through the drainage holes. This allows the growing medium to uniformly absorb water until it is adequately saturated.
Why Bottom Water Calathea
Calathea plants are sensitive to inconsistent watering. Bottom watering helps prevent fungal leaf spots, which can occur when water sits on their broad leaves. This method ensures moisture is distributed evenly throughout the soil, preventing dry pockets. Watering from below keeps the plant’s delicate crown dry, reducing the risk of rot. This approach can also deter fungus gnats, as the topsoil remains drier.
Step-by-Step Bottom Watering Guide
To begin bottom watering your Calathea, select a container larger than its pot. Fill this outer container with about one to two inches of room-temperature water, preferably filtered or distilled, to prevent mineral buildup. Carefully place your Calathea’s pot directly into the water, ensuring the water level remains below the soil line. The pot’s drainage holes should be fully submerged for proper water absorption.
Allow the plant to soak for approximately 20 to 45 minutes. The exact duration depends on the pot size and the soil’s dryness, but the aim is for the top of the soil to feel consistently damp to the touch, indicating full saturation. You can gently press the soil surface with your finger to confirm moisture has wicked all the way up. Avoid leaving the plant soaking for excessively long periods once the soil is saturated, as this can lead to waterlogging.
Once the soil surface indicates adequate saturation, carefully remove the Calathea’s pot from the water bath. Let any excess water drain completely from the pot’s drainage holes. Place the pot on a wire rack or directly into an empty sink for 10 to 15 minutes to ensure no standing water remains. This complete drainage is important to prevent root rot and maintain optimal soil aeration.
Optimizing Your Bottom Watering Routine
Determining when your Calathea needs water is important; check the soil moisture by inserting your finger about two inches deep. If it feels dry at that depth, it is time to water again. Calatheas may also signal their need for water by exhibiting slightly curled or drooping leaves. The frequency of bottom watering varies based on environmental factors like humidity, temperature, and light, ranging from every 7 to 14 days.
Calatheas are sensitive to chlorine and mineral salts in tap water, which can cause leaf yellowing or browning. Therefore, using filtered or distilled water is recommended. While bottom watering is effective, avoid leaving the plant submerged for extended periods, as this can still lead to oversaturation and root damage. Periodically (every two to three months), flush the soil from the top with fresh water to prevent mineral salt accumulation.