The Philodendron melanochrysum, recognized for its striking velvety leaves, is a popular choice among plant enthusiasts. Understanding the factors that influence its growth rate is important for cultivating this species. Providing optimal conditions encourages the plant’s full potential.
Understanding Philodendron Melanochrysum Growth Habits
Philodendron melanochrysum exhibits a vining and climbing growth habit. In its native Colombian rainforest, it ascends trees, developing larger leaves with maturity and increased light access. Indoors, with proper support, leaves can reach 10 to 30 inches.
This plant is a moderate grower, adding 6 to 12 inches in height per year under suitable conditions. Providing a vertical structure encourages more mature, larger leaves.
Environmental Factors for Optimal Growth
Light
Philodendron melanochrysum thrives in bright, indirect light. Prolonged direct sunlight can scorch leaves, causing discoloration. Insufficient light leads to stunted growth, smaller leaves, and a “leggy” appearance. An east or north-facing window, or a spot a few feet from a grow light, provides ideal illumination.
Humidity and Temperature
High humidity and warm, consistent temperatures are important for Philodendron melanochrysum. This plant prefers humidity levels between 60% and 80%. Low humidity can cause leaf edges to brown and leaves to fail unfurling. Indoor temperatures between 65°F (18°C) and 80°F (27°C) are suitable.
Watering
Proper watering maintains consistent growth. The plant prefers consistently moist but not waterlogged soil. Allow the top 2 to 3 inches of soil to dry between waterings. Overwatering leads to root rot and yellowing leaves. Conversely, underwatering results in slowed growth and wilting.
Care Practices for Robust Growth
Soil and Nutrients
A well-draining, airy soil mix prevents root rot and supports healthy root development. An aroid mix, often comprising peat moss, perlite, and orchid bark, provides moisture retention and aeration. During the active growing season (early spring to late summer), regular fertilization with a balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 NPK) every 4 to 6 weeks promotes vigorous growth.
Support Structure
Providing a support structure, like a moss pole or trellis, mimics the plant’s natural climbing habit. As it climbs, aerial roots attach to the support, encouraging larger, more mature leaves. Training the plant to climb leads to more robust growth than letting it trail. Keeping the moss pole moist encourages aerial root attachment.
Potting Considerations
Selecting the appropriate pot size supports healthy growth. Repotting every two to three years, or when the plant has significantly increased in size, allows for fresh nutrients and prevents it from becoming root-bound. When repotting, choose a pot only one size larger than the previous one. An excessively large pot retains too much moisture, increasing the risk of overwatering and root rot. Pots with drainage holes are necessary to prevent water accumulation.
Addressing Slow or Stunted Growth
If Philodendron melanochrysum exhibits slow or stunted growth, several factors may be responsible. Insufficient light is a common cause, leading to smaller leaves and leggy stems; move the plant to a brighter, indirect light location. Low humidity can restrict growth, causing leaves to become crispy or fail to unfurl. Increase ambient humidity with a humidifier or pebble tray.
Improper watering, either too much or too little, impacts nutrient uptake. Yellowing leaves indicate overwatering, while wilting signals underwatering; adjust the watering schedule to allow the topsoil to dry between sessions. Nutrient deficiencies, particularly during the growing season, also limit growth; a consistent fertilization routine addresses this. Being root-bound restricts growth; repot into a slightly larger pot with fresh soil. Pest infestations, such as spider mites or aphids, hinder growth, requiring prompt treatment.