The Kalanchoe, a popular succulent, is chosen for its vibrant blooms and relatively straightforward care. Its well-being largely depends on appropriate watering practices. As a succulent, the Kalanchoe stores water within its fleshy leaves and stems, making it susceptible to overwatering. Understanding its moisture needs is important for a healthy and flourishing plant.
When to Water Kalanchoe
Determining when to water a Kalanchoe involves assessing the soil’s moisture level. The plant thrives when the soil dries out completely between watering sessions. A practical method is the “finger test”: insert a finger one to two inches deep into the soil; if it feels dry, water the plant.
Another indicator is the pot’s weight; a dry pot will feel noticeably lighter than one with moist soil. Allowing the soil to thoroughly dry helps prevent root rot, a common issue for succulents that can occur when roots sit in consistently damp conditions.
Factors Affecting Watering Needs
A Kalanchoe’s watering frequency is influenced by several environmental and horticultural factors.
Light and Temperature
Plants exposed to more light, especially direct sunlight, dry faster and need more frequent watering than those in lower light conditions. Warmer temperatures increase evaporation and transpiration, leading to a greater need for water. Cooler temperatures slow these processes.
Humidity and Pot Type
High humidity slows water evaporation from the soil, meaning less frequent watering. Pot size and material affect drying times. Smaller pots and porous materials like terracotta dry quicker than larger pots or those made of non-porous materials such as plastic or glazed ceramic.
Soil and Season
The type of soil used impacts moisture retention; a fast-draining succulent or cactus mix allows for quicker drying compared to dense, water-retentive soils. Kalanchoes require more water during their active growing season (spring and summer) and less during their semi-dormant period (fall and winter).
Best Practices for Watering Kalanchoe
When watering your Kalanchoe, saturate the soil thoroughly until water begins to drain from the bottom of the pot. Allowing excess water to escape prevents the roots from sitting in stagnant moisture, which can lead to decay. After watering, always discard any collected water from the saucer beneath the pot.
Bottom watering is an alternative method where the pot is placed in a tray of water, allowing the plant to absorb moisture from the drainage holes upwards. Avoid overhead watering directly onto the leaves, as this can encourage fungal diseases or leaf spots.
Troubleshooting Kalanchoe Watering Problems
Incorrect watering can manifest in distinct signs that indicate either too much or too little moisture.
Overwatering
Overwatering often leads to symptoms such as soft, mushy, or yellowing leaves and stems. The foliage may also appear swollen or translucent, and root rot can develop, causing the plant to wilt despite the soil being wet. If root rot is suspected, allowing the soil to dry out completely and, if necessary, repotting into fresh, dry soil after trimming any affected roots can help.
Underwatering
An underwatered Kalanchoe will display shriveled or wrinkled leaves, crispy edges, and stunted growth. When these signs appear, a thorough watering is needed to rehydrate the soil and the plant’s tissues.