A cortisone shot delivers medication to reduce inflammation and relieve pain in specific areas of the body. These injections, also known as steroid injections, are a common treatment for various conditions that cause localized pain and swelling. They offer a targeted approach to pain management, directly addressing the inflamed site rather than affecting the entire body.
Typical Duration of Relief
The pain relief from a cortisone shot lasts from a few weeks to several months, often six weeks to six months. Its effectiveness varies among individuals and depends on the specific condition. For acute injuries, it may provide enough relief for healing, while for chronic conditions, symptoms might gradually return.
Factors Influencing Duration
Several factors influence how long a cortisone shot’s effects last:
The underlying condition, such as tendinitis versus rheumatoid arthritis.
The specific injection location, as different tissues respond uniquely.
The severity of inflammation, with more severe cases potentially leading to shorter relief.
Individual response, influenced by metabolism, overall health, age, and lifestyle.
The level of activity following the injection.
How Cortisone Shots Work
Cortisone shots contain corticosteroids, synthetic versions of hormones produced by the adrenal glands. These medications reduce inflammation at the injection site by suppressing the immune system’s inflammatory response. By diminishing inflammation, the shots reduce associated swelling, pain, and stiffness. While not direct painkillers, the reduction in inflammation indirectly alleviates pain. This localized action helps improve mobility and function.
What to Expect After the Shot
Immediately following a cortisone injection, some individuals may experience initial discomfort or a temporary increase in pain, often called a “cortisone flare.” This flare, which can include worsening pain, swelling, and irritation, occurs within the first 24 to 48 hours. It is thought to be caused by the crystallization of the corticosteroid medication in the joint. Applying ice to the injection site can help manage this temporary discomfort.
Relief from the cortisone itself does not begin immediately, as it can take a few days for the corticosteroid to take full effect. Many people notice significant pain reduction within 3 to 7 days, though full benefits may take up to two weeks or even six weeks. Often, a local anesthetic is combined with the corticosteroid to provide some immediate pain relief.
Managing Ongoing Relief
For chronic conditions, cortisone shots offer temporary relief and are part of a broader treatment strategy. If pain returns, repeat injections may be considered, but guidelines exist regarding frequency. Healthcare providers recommend no more than three or four injections in the same joint per year, with at least three months between shots, to minimize potential side effects like cartilage damage.
Cortisone shots are often used with other treatments, such as physical therapy and lifestyle adjustments. These complementary approaches help address the underlying cause of pain and contribute to longer-term relief. If pain persists or returns, consult a healthcare provider to discuss further treatment options, including different therapies or, in some cases, surgical procedures.