Wisdom teeth extraction is a common dental procedure that many individuals undergo. Some post-operative swelling is a normal and anticipated part of the healing process. This swelling occurs as the body naturally responds to the trauma of the extraction, directing increased blood flow and healing components to the surgical site. Recognizing this reaction is a standard bodily function helps manage expectations during recovery.
Typical Swelling Progression
Swelling begins within hours of wisdom teeth removal surgery. It intensifies and peaks between 48 to 72 hours (2 to 3 days) after the procedure. During this time, patients may notice significant puffiness around their cheeks and jaw, possibly with mild discomfort and bruising. The swollen area might feel firm.
After peaking, swelling starts to subside gradually. Most noticeable swelling resolves within one week. However, some residual puffiness or firmness might linger for up to two weeks or more, especially in complex cases. Improvement should be continuous; if swelling worsens after three or four days, it could indicate a complication.
Strategies for Reducing Swelling
Applying cold compresses immediately after surgery minimizes swelling. For the first 24 to 48 hours, place an ice pack wrapped in cloth on the cheek near the surgical site for 15 to 20 minutes, followed by 20-minute breaks. This constricts blood vessels and reduces inflammation. After 48 hours, switch to warm compresses; warmth increases blood flow, aiding fluid drainage and reducing stiffness.
Keeping the head elevated, especially while resting or sleeping, also reduces swelling by promoting fluid drainage. Use extra pillows or sleep in a recliner to maintain an elevated position. Avoid strenuous physical activity for several days post-surgery, as increased heart rate can heighten pain, bleeding, and swelling. Following prescribed medication instructions, including anti-inflammatory drugs, also helps manage discomfort and swelling.
Factors Affecting Swelling Duration
The duration and intensity of swelling vary among individuals due to several factors. Extraction complexity plays a role; impacted teeth, which are partially or fully trapped, often result in more pronounced and prolonged swelling compared to straightforward extractions. The number of teeth removed simultaneously also impacts post-operative swelling.
Individual healing capabilities and overall health influence recovery time. Younger individuals often recover quicker due to better regenerative capacities. Adherence to post-operative instructions, like proper oral hygiene and dietary restrictions, contributes to smoother recovery and minimizes swelling. Conversely, poor oral hygiene or complications like dry socket can prolong swelling and discomfort.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While swelling is an expected part of the healing process, certain signs may indicate a complication and warrant contacting your dentist. Swelling that worsens significantly after three to four days, or does not subside, should be evaluated. Persistent or increasing pain not managed by prescribed medication is another warning sign.
Other concerning symptoms include difficulty breathing or swallowing, which could signal a severe infection. A fever over 102 degrees Fahrenheit, pus discharge from the extraction site, or a foul taste or odor in the mouth also indicate potential infection. Any numbness persisting beyond initial hours post-surgery should be reported to your dental professional.