Wisdom teeth extraction is a common dental procedure, and experiencing swelling afterward is a normal part of the body’s healing process. This swelling, known as edema, occurs as a natural response to the surgical trauma. Understanding the typical progression and factors that influence this swelling can help manage expectations during recovery.
Typical Swelling Timeline
Swelling generally begins within a few hours following surgery. It typically peaks within the first 48 to 72 hours after wisdom teeth removal. During this initial period, patients often observe significant puffiness and bruising around the cheeks and jaw. After this peak, swelling should gradually decrease. By the fourth day, a noticeable reduction in swelling is usually observed, with bruising beginning to fade. Most significant discomfort and swelling resolve by the end of the first week, with full recovery often taking up to two weeks.
Factors Affecting Swelling
Several elements can influence how long and how severely swelling lasts after wisdom teeth removal. The complexity of the extraction plays a considerable role; for instance, impacted teeth often result in more pronounced and prolonged swelling due to the increased surgical manipulation required. An individual’s unique healing capacity also impacts recovery, as some people heal faster than others. Adherence to post-operative care instructions is another significant factor, as proper care can reduce the duration and intensity of swelling. The presence of an infection can also cause swelling to persist or worsen, requiring additional medical intervention.
Managing Swelling at Home
Applying an ice pack to the outside of the cheek helps reduce inflammation and numb the area, providing temporary relief. It is recommended to apply ice packs intermittently, such as 20 minutes on and 20 minutes off, especially during the first 48 hours. Keeping the head elevated, particularly while resting or sleeping, also helps reduce swelling by preventing fluid accumulation in the facial tissues. After the initial 24 hours, gently rinsing the mouth with warm salt water several times a day helps keep the area clean and promotes healing. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, can manage discomfort and reduce inflammation.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some swelling is expected, certain signs indicate contacting your dentist. If swelling does not begin to subside after the third day or appears to worsen, it could signal a complication, such as an infection. Other warning signs include severe pain that does not improve with medication or worsens over time. A fever higher than 102 degrees Fahrenheit (38.8 degrees Celsius), pus draining from the surgical site, or new or increased bleeding also require immediate professional attention. Difficulty swallowing or breathing warrant prompt medical evaluation.