Wisdom teeth extraction is a common dental procedure. Understanding what to expect afterward, especially regarding bleeding, can help ease concerns. Some bleeding is a normal part of the healing process following this oral surgery.
Normal Bleeding After Extraction
The most active bleeding occurs within the first few hours following wisdom teeth removal, often slowing significantly within 3 to 4 hours. Patients can expect to see blood-tinged saliva or light pink/red oozing for up to 24 to 48 hours. A small amount of blood mixed with a larger volume of saliva can make the bleeding appear more substantial than it truly is.
A blood clot forms in the empty socket where the tooth was removed. This clot acts as a protective barrier, covering exposed bone and nerves. It is important for proper healing and to prevent complications such as dry socket.
Managing Bleeding at Home
Immediately after the procedure, a gauze pad is placed over the extraction site. Biting down firmly on it applies pressure that helps stop bleeding and promote clot formation. Replace the gauze every 30 to 45 minutes, or when it becomes saturated. The amount of blood on the gauze should gradually lessen with each change.
Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the cheek near the surgical area can help reduce swelling and minor bleeding. Apply this for 20 minutes on and 20 minutes off during the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery. Elevating the head, especially while sleeping, can also help minimize swelling and bleeding by allowing gravity to prevent blood from pooling at the surgical site.
Avoid certain activities and habits to prevent dislodging the blood clot, which could prolong bleeding and delay healing. Refrain from vigorous rinsing, spitting, or using straws for at least the first 24 hours, as suction can disrupt the clot. Smoking and alcohol consumption should also be avoided for at least 72 hours, as they can hinder healing and increase the risk of complications. During recovery, a diet of soft, cool foods like yogurt, mashed potatoes, and lukewarm soups is recommended to avoid irritating the extraction site.
Recognizing Excessive Bleeding
While some bleeding is expected after wisdom teeth removal, it is important to distinguish normal oozing from excessive bleeding. Signs of excessive bleeding include continuous bright red blood, a steady flow or gushing, or gauze pads quickly becoming saturated within 5 to 10 minutes for several hours. The formation of large, continuous blood clots that are not slowing down can also indicate a problem.
Normal bleeding appears as pink-tinged saliva or light oozing, not a heavy, continuous flow. If the bleeding is so profuse that it makes talking, eating, or breathing difficult, it may be considered excessive. Underlying medical conditions, certain medications, or accidental dislodgement of the blood clot can contribute to prolonged or heavy bleeding.
When to Seek Professional Help
It is important to know when to contact your oral surgeon or dentist for professional guidance. Call your dental professional if bleeding is continuous and heavy, especially if it persists despite applying pressure with gauze for several hours. This includes situations where gauze becomes quickly soaked, or if there is severe, bright red bleeding beyond the initial 24 hours.
Other scenarios that warrant professional attention include severe pain not controlled by prescribed medication, excessive swelling that worsens after the first few days, or any signs of infection such as fever, pus, or a foul odor. If your dentist is unreachable and the bleeding is severe and uncontrolled, seeking care at an emergency room may be necessary.