Dentures are removable replacements for missing teeth and surrounding oral tissues. They restore oral function and enhance a smile’s appearance. The lifespan of dentures varies based on several factors, which this article explores to understand their durability and care.
Typical Denture Lifespan
The average lifespan of dentures is 5 to 10 years, though this varies significantly by type and individual circumstances. Full dentures, replacing an entire arch of teeth, typically last 5 to 10 years. Partial dentures, designed to replace one or several missing teeth, often have a similar lifespan, ranging from 5 to 10 years, with some lasting up to 15 years.
The material used in partial dentures influences their longevity, with metal-based partials often more durable than acrylic ones. Immediate or temporary dentures, placed directly after tooth extraction, are for a shorter period, usually a few months to a year, as the mouth heals.
Implant-supported dentures, secured by dental implants in the jawbone, offer increased stability and can last longer. While titanium implants are designed to last a lifetime, the attached denture restoration typically lasts 10 to 15 years, and potentially up to 20 years with proper care.
Factors Influencing Denture Longevity
Several elements influence denture longevity. The quality of materials used in denture fabrication plays a role; higher-quality materials offer better durability and aesthetics. Dentures can be crafted from various materials, including acrylic resin, porcelain, or metal, each contributing differently to their lifespan.
The initial fit and design of the dentures are also important, as a well-fitted denture is less prone to damage and wear. Over time, changes in oral structures, such as gum and jawbone resorption, can alter the fit of dentures, leading to looseness and increased wear.
Daily wear and tear from chewing and speaking also contributes to the degradation of denture materials. Patient habits like teeth grinding or clenching can place extra strain on dentures, accelerating their wear. Diet also has an impact, as hard or sticky foods can cause more stress on dentures, potentially shortening their lifespan.
Recognizing When Dentures Need Replacement
Several signs indicate that dentures are no longer fitting correctly or require replacement. Discomfort, pain, or frequent sore spots in the mouth are common indicators, often resulting from ill-fitting dentures rubbing against gum tissue.
Dentures that feel loose, slip, or fall out while speaking or chewing suggest a compromised fit, often due to changes in the jawbone or the denture itself. Difficulty chewing food or changes in speech, such as a lisp or slurring, can also signal that dentures are no longer functioning optimally.
Visible wear, such as cracks, chips, or general damage to the denture material, indicates a need for replacement. Significant discoloration or staining that cannot be removed through regular cleaning can also be a reason for replacement, impacting the denture’s aesthetic appearance. An increase in the amount of denture adhesive needed to keep them in place also suggests a poor fit.
Maintaining Denture Health
Proper care and maintenance are essential for maximizing denture longevity and ensuring continued oral health. Daily cleaning is a fundamental step, involving gentle brushing with a soft-bristled brush and a non-abrasive denture cleanser to remove food particles, plaque, and stains. Regular toothpaste should be avoided, as it can be too abrasive and scratch the denture surface.
Rinsing dentures after meals helps remove food debris. When not in use, dentures should be kept moist to prevent them from drying out and losing their shape. Soaking them overnight in water or a denture-cleaning solution is often recommended, but hot water should be avoided as it can cause warping.
Handling dentures with care is also important; they should be removed and cleaned over a soft surface, like a towel or a sink filled with water, to prevent breakage if dropped. Regular dental check-ups allow professionals to assess the denture’s fit, make necessary adjustments, and monitor overall oral health, which can extend the denture’s lifespan.