Braces are dental devices designed to gradually straighten teeth and correct bite issues. The process involves applying gentle, continuous pressure to reposition teeth over time. While highly effective, some discomfort is a normal and expected part of the orthodontic journey. This temporary soreness indicates that the braces are actively working to reshape the bone and soft tissues supporting the teeth, a necessary step in achieving the desired alignment.
Expected Pain After Initial Braces Placement
After braces are first bonded to the teeth, it is common to experience discomfort within a few hours. This initial soreness is typically a dull ache or tenderness in the teeth and gums, making eating challenging. The pressure from the new hardware begins tooth movement, leading to inflammation. This sensation is a dull ache rather than sharp pain, though individual pain tolerance varies.
The most significant discomfort usually peaks within the first 24 to 72 hours following placement. During this period, teeth may feel sensitive to pressure, especially when biting. Additionally, the soft tissues of the mouth may become irritated or develop small sores as they adapt to the new brackets and wires. This initial soreness can last for up to a week but typically subsides as the mouth adjusts.
By day five, pain often largely subsides as patients adapt to the braces. While discomfort is normal, severe or unmanageable pain is not typical and warrants attention. The goal of braces is gradual, controlled movement, not intense pain.
Discomfort Following Adjustments
Orthodontic adjustments are a regular part of treatment, occurring every four to eight weeks. During these appointments, the orthodontist tightens or replaces the archwires, which reactivates the pressure on the teeth to continue their movement. This renewed pressure can cause a temporary increase in soreness, similar to the initial placement.
The discomfort after an adjustment is less intense and shorter-lived than the initial pain. Soreness typically lasts one to three days following an adjustment. The pain may feel like a dull ache or tenderness when biting. This sensation is a sign that the teeth are responding to the updated forces and continuing their realignment.
The frequency and intensity of discomfort decrease over the course of treatment. As teeth become better aligned and the mouth grows accustomed to the braces, subsequent adjustments may result in milder sensations. Factors such as individual pain tolerance, the stage of treatment, and the specific type of tooth movement being performed can influence the level of discomfort experienced.
Strategies for Pain Relief
Several practical approaches can manage discomfort associated with braces. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can effectively reduce inflammation and alleviate general soreness. Taking a dose before or shortly after an adjustment can help to preempt or lessen the severity of discomfort. Follow the dosage instructions on the label.
Eating soft foods is recommended, especially during the first few days after initial placement or adjustments. Foods that require minimal chewing, such as mashed potatoes, smoothies, yogurt, soups, and scrambled eggs, reduce pressure on sensitive teeth. Avoiding crunchy, chewy, or sticky foods minimizes irritation and the risk of damaging the braces.
Orthodontic wax provides a physical barrier between the braces and the soft tissues of the mouth. This wax can be applied to rubbing brackets or wires, preventing irritation and allowing sores to heal. To apply, pinch a small piece of wax, roll it into a ball, and press it onto the problematic area.
Rinsing the mouth with warm salt water can soothe irritated gums and promote healing of minor sores. Dissolve a teaspoon of salt in warm water and swish for 30 seconds. This can be done several times a day. Additionally, applying cold compresses to the outside of the cheeks can help numb soreness and reduce inflammation.
Knowing When to Contact Your Orthodontist
While some discomfort is a normal part of orthodontic treatment, certain symptoms indicate a need to contact your orthodontist. Severe, persistent pain that does not subside with home remedies or over-the-counter pain relievers should be reported. This type of pain could signal an underlying issue.
Issues with the braces warrant attention. Broken brackets or wires can alter treatment and delay progress, as they no longer apply the correct pressure to shift teeth. If a wire is poking or causing significant sores that do not heal with the use of orthodontic wax, it should be addressed promptly. Such irritation can lead to larger sores or potential infection.
Any unexpected symptoms, such as bleeding gums, cheek swelling, or difficulty eating or speaking beyond typical adjustment discomfort, should prompt a call to the orthodontist. These signs indicate a more serious problem, such as infection or a significant appliance malfunction. Prompt communication ensures that any issues are addressed efficiently, keeping the treatment on track.