Hemorrhoid suppositories are solid, bullet-shaped medications designed for rectal insertion to alleviate discomfort. They deliver active ingredients directly to the affected area, providing localized relief from pain, itching, burning, and swelling that commonly arise.
Understanding Suppository Dissolution
The time a hemorrhoid suppository takes to dissolve depends on its base material and the body’s internal temperature. Suppositories melt or dissolve in the rectal cavity’s warmth (approximately 37°C / 98.6°F), releasing medication for absorption.
Two main types of suppository bases exist, each with different dissolution characteristics. Lipophilic (fatty) bases, such as cocoa butter, melt rapidly when exposed to body heat, typically within 3 to 7 minutes. This allows for prompt medication release.
In contrast, hydrophilic (water-soluble) bases, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or glycerinated gelatin, dissolve gradually in the fluids present in the rectum. PEG-based suppositories can take 30 to 40 minutes to fully dissolve. Glycerinated gelatin bases also dissolve slowly, contributing to a prolonged release of active ingredients.
Proper insertion depth is crucial for efficient dissolution and effectiveness. The suppository must be pushed past the anal sphincter, generally about 1 inch (2.5 cm) into the rectum. This ensures full contact with the rectal lining and body heat, preventing expulsion before it fully dissolves. If not inserted deeply enough, the suppository may not dissolve properly or could slip out.
Maximizing Suppository Effectiveness
Once a hemorrhoid suppository dissolves, the medication is released and absorbed by the rectal lining’s blood vessels and tissues. This localized absorption allows active ingredients to act directly on hemorrhoidal tissue. Soothing action can begin within a few minutes as the medication disperses.
For optimal effectiveness, proper insertion technique and post-insertion care are important. Begin by washing your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water both before and after handling the suppository. If possible, it is advisable to empty your bowels before insertion, as this allows the medication to have better contact with the rectal lining and prevents premature expulsion.
To prepare the suppository, remove its wrapper and, if needed, moisten the tip with a few drops of water or a water-based lubricant; avoid petroleum jelly, as it can hinder dissolution. Assume a comfortable position, such as lying on your side with one leg straight and the other bent towards your stomach, or standing with one foot elevated on a chair. Gently insert the pointed end of the suppository about 1 inch into the rectum, past the muscular sphincter.
After insertion, remain still by sitting or lying down for at least 10 to 20 minutes. This allows sufficient time for the suppository to dissolve and for the medication to begin its absorption process. To further ensure the medication has enough time to work, try to avoid having a bowel movement for at least one hour following insertion, unless the suppository is specifically a laxative. Limiting vigorous physical activity for about an hour after insertion can also help in retaining the suppository and maximizing its therapeutic effect.