“Stomach flu,” medically known as viral gastroenteritis, describes an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. This common illness is caused by various viruses, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms. Viral gastroenteritis is distinct from influenza, a respiratory illness.
How Long Fever Typically Lasts
Fever associated with viral gastroenteritis is generally mild to moderate. In most cases, this fever resolves within 24 to 48 hours. Some individuals may experience a fever that persists for up to three days.
The specific virus responsible for the infection can influence fever duration. Norovirus infections, a frequent cause of stomach flu, often present with a relatively short-lived fever. Rotavirus, which primarily affects infants and young children, can lead to a slightly longer fever.
An individual’s immune system plays a significant role in how long the fever lasts. A strong immune response helps the body clear the virus more quickly, potentially shortening symptom duration. Age also impacts this; very young children and elderly individuals may experience symptoms differently due to their developing or aging immune systems.
The body elevates its temperature as a defense mechanism to create an unfavorable environment for viral replication. While uncomfortable, fever is a natural part of the healing process. Monitoring the fever and managing discomfort are usually sufficient.
Other Common Symptoms
Beyond fever, viral gastroenteritis manifests with several other characteristic symptoms. Nausea is frequent, often preceding vomiting. Vomiting can be sudden and forceful.
Diarrhea is another hallmark symptom, characterized by loose, watery stools. Abdominal cramps are also common, often described as sharp or aching pains in the stomach area.
Many people also experience a general feeling of malaise, including headaches and body aches. These symptoms contribute to overall discomfort. The combination and severity of symptoms can differ based on the specific virus and individual health.
Home Care for Fever and Stomach Flu
Managing fever and other stomach flu symptoms at home involves supportive care. Maintaining adequate hydration is important to prevent dehydration, a serious complication of vomiting and diarrhea. Consuming clear fluids in small, frequent sips is recommended, such as water, clear broths, or diluted fruit juices.
Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) are effective as they contain specific amounts of salts and sugars to help the body absorb fluids more efficiently. These solutions are especially important for children and the elderly. Avoiding sugary drinks, which can worsen diarrhea, is advisable.
When appetite returns, introducing bland foods gradually can help settle the stomach. Examples include toast, rice, applesauce, and bananas. These foods are easy to digest and less likely to irritate the gastrointestinal tract.
Rest is important for recovery, allowing the body to conserve energy and fight the infection. Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and alleviate body aches. Avoid aspirin in children and teenagers due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome.
When to Contact a Doctor
Recognizing when to seek medical attention is important. Signs of severe dehydration warrant immediate medical consultation, including decreased urination, excessive thirst, dry mouth, and lethargy. In infants, a lack of tears when crying and a sunken soft spot (fontanelle) are red flags.
A high or prolonged fever, particularly in infants under three months, should prompt a doctor’s visit. For older children and adults, a fever lasting more than three days or exceeding 103°F (39.4°C) needs medical evaluation. Persistent vomiting that prevents keeping fluids down for over 12-24 hours is also a concern.
Other warning signs include severe abdominal pain that does not improve, bloody or black stools, or symptoms that worsen over time. Individuals with compromised immune systems, the elderly, and very young children are more vulnerable to complications and should seek medical advice promptly if symptoms are severe or persistent.