Mouth sores are a common, temporary side effect of orthodontic treatment. They often cause discomfort or irritation inside the mouth. While generally not severe, they can cause inconvenience as oral tissues adjust to braces.
Typical Duration of Sores
The duration of mouth sores from braces varies, but they typically last a few days to a week as the mouth adapts to orthodontic appliances. Initial soreness and irritation are most pronounced in the 48 hours after braces are placed or adjusted. Most intense discomfort subsides within the first week as the mouth becomes accustomed to the braces. However, some sores, particularly canker sores, can persist for up to two weeks if the irritation continues. While occasional discomfort can occur throughout treatment, especially after wire changes or adjustments, it is less intense than the initial period.
Common Causes and Types of Sores
Mouth sores from braces primarily result from mechanical irritation. The brackets, wires, and other components of orthodontic appliances can rub against the soft tissues inside the mouth, including the cheeks, lips, and tongue. This constant friction can lead to small abrasions or cuts, which may then develop into sores.
One common type of sore exacerbated by braces is the canker sore. These typically appear as small, round or oval lesions with a white or yellowish center surrounded by a red border. While canker sores can occur for various reasons, the irritation from braces can trigger their formation or worsen existing ones.
Other contributing factors include new adjustments to braces, accidental biting of tissues as teeth shift, and food particles trapped around the appliances.
Effective Relief Strategies
Several strategies can help alleviate discomfort from mouth sores. Applying orthodontic wax directly to the irritating brackets or wires creates a smooth barrier, reducing friction against soft tissues. This wax is a temporary aid that allows irritated areas to heal.
Rinsing the mouth with a warm salt water solution can also provide relief by reducing pain and swelling while helping to clean the affected area and eliminate bacteria. A common mixture involves dissolving half a teaspoon of salt in one cup of warm water and swishing for at least 30 seconds.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage discomfort. Additionally, topical oral anesthetics, available as gels or creams, can be applied directly to the sore spots to numb the area and provide temporary pain relief.
Maintaining good oral hygiene by gently brushing and flossing regularly helps keep the mouth clean and reduces the risk of infection or further irritation. Avoiding acidic, spicy, or hard foods can prevent further irritation to existing sores and promote healing.
When to Consult Your Orthodontist
While most mouth sores from braces are temporary and manageable, certain signs indicate the need for professional consultation. You should contact your orthodontist if a sore does not heal within a reasonable period, typically more than a week to two weeks. Persistent or worsening pain, swelling, or the presence of signs of infection, such as pus or fever, also warrant attention. If a wire is poking or a bracket is broken and cannot be managed effectively with orthodontic wax, seek professional help to prevent further irritation or injury.