Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus, similar to varicose veins. They cause discomfort, including itching, pain, and bleeding. Symptom duration varies considerably.
Typical Duration of Hemorrhoids
The duration of hemorrhoids depends on their type and severity. Mild external hemorrhoids, under the skin around the anus, often resolve within a few days with home care. These usually present as tender lumps causing pain and itching.
Internal hemorrhoids, inside the rectum, may not cause noticeable symptoms and can resolve quickly. If large enough to cause symptoms, they might last several weeks or longer. A prolapsed internal hemorrhoid, bulging out of the anus, can take days to weeks to improve; severe cases may require medical procedures.
A thrombosed hemorrhoid, with a blood clot, can be very painful and swollen. While intense pain often improves within two to three days, the clot and swelling can persist for two to three weeks or longer. If a thrombosed hemorrhoid ruptures, it can lead to pain, bleeding, and infection risk.
Factors Influencing Recovery
Several personal actions and lifestyle choices influence how quickly hemorrhoids heal and whether they recur. A fiber-rich diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes) adds bulk to stool, making it softer and reducing straining. Aim for 25-30 grams of fiber daily.
Adequate hydration (drinking plenty of water) works with fiber to keep stools soft and prevent constipation. Regular physical activity promotes healthy bowel function and reduces pressure on rectal veins. Avoiding prolonged sitting, especially on the toilet, also reduces pressure that might worsen hemorrhoids.
Promptly addressing constipation or diarrhea prevents straining or irritation, which can worsen hemorrhoid symptoms. Good anal hygiene also supports healing. While these measures support natural healing, the hemorrhoid’s type and severity ultimately dictate recovery.
When to Seek Medical Care
Seek medical attention if hemorrhoid symptoms do not improve after about a week of home care. Persistent discomfort, pain, or itching lasting longer suggests a need for professional evaluation.
Significant bleeding is another reason to consult a doctor, especially if the blood is dark red, or if you experience dizziness or faintness. While minor bright red bleeding with bowel movements can occur, any new or worsening rectal bleeding should be checked to rule out other conditions, such as colon or anal cancer.
Signs of infection (fever, chills, pus, unusual discharge) warrant immediate medical attention. If a prolapsed hemorrhoid cannot be pushed back inside or causes severe pain, it requires medical intervention to prevent complications like strangulation, where the blood supply is cut off. If symptoms worsen despite consistent home treatment, a healthcare professional can provide a diagnosis and discuss other treatment options.