Dissolvable stitches, also known as resorbable sutures, are commonly employed in the mouth after various dental procedures, such as tooth extractions or gum surgery. These specialized stitches are designed to naturally break down and disappear as the wound heals, eliminating the need for a separate visit to the dentist for removal. Their primary function is to hold gum tissues together, promote proper healing, and minimize the risk of complications by securing the surgical site. They contribute to a smoother recovery by preventing food particles from entering the wound and aiding in the formation of a stable blood clot.
Typical Dissolution Periods
The timeframe for dissolvable stitches to disappear in the mouth generally spans from a few days to several weeks. Polyglycolic acid (PGA) stitches often dissolve within one to two weeks, while polylactic acid (PLA) and chromic catgut may take several weeks due to their slower breakdown rate. The process of “dissolving” means the stitches gradually break down and are absorbed by the body’s natural processes, rather than simply falling out intact.
During this period, it is normal for the stitches to feel loose or even appear to be hanging as they begin to disintegrate. You might notice a rough or scratchy sensation, and sometimes a white residue may form around them, as part of dissolution. While some stitches might come out earlier, particularly after wisdom tooth extractions, this is usually not a concern unless there is excessive bleeding or the gum reopens.
Factors Affecting Dissolution
Several factors influence how quickly dissolvable stitches break down in the mouth. The type of material used plays a significant role, with synthetic polymers and natural materials dissolving at different rates. The thickness and size of the stitch also affect its longevity, with larger stitches generally taking more time to dissolve.
The specific location within the mouth can impact dissolution speed. Stitches in areas with higher blood flow or constant movement, such as the gums or tongue, may dissolve faster than those in less active regions. An individual’s unique healing rate, influenced by overall health and age, also contributes to the variability in stitch dissolution times. Oral hygiene practices can play a role; maintaining a clean environment around the stitches can support the natural healing and dissolving process.
Caring for Stitches
Proper care for dissolvable stitches in the mouth is important to promote healing and prevent complications. Gentle oral hygiene is crucial; use a soft-bristled toothbrush and be careful around the surgical site to avoid snagging or disturbing the stitches. Rinsing gently with a warm saltwater solution, about half a teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water, can help keep the area clean and reduce the risk of infection without affecting the stitches.
Dietary modifications are also advised. Stick to soft or liquid foods for the initial days after the procedure to prevent strain on the stitches. Avoid hard, crunchy, sticky, hot, or spicy foods that could irritate the wound or dislodge the stitches. Avoid disturbing stitches with your tongue or fingers, strenuous activities, smoking, or excessive spitting, as these can interfere with healing. Over-the-counter pain relievers, as advised by your dentist, can help manage any discomfort.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some discomfort and minor changes are normal during the healing process, certain signs warrant contacting your dentist. These include excessive or worsening pain that does not subside with medication. Persistent swelling, uncontrolled bleeding, or signs of infection like pus, a foul odor, or fever indicate a need for professional attention.
You should also reach out if your stitches come out much too early, or if they do not appear to be dissolving after an unusually long period, typically more than two weeks, or if they persist beyond the timeframe your dentist provided. Although minor irritation is common, these specific warning signs suggest a need for immediate dental evaluation to ensure proper healing and address any potential issues.