A nephrostomy tube is a thin, flexible tube inserted through the skin into the kidney to drain urine. It becomes necessary when the normal flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder is obstructed, often due to kidney stones, infection, or other conditions. Its primary purpose is to divert urine and protect kidney function, preventing damage from urine backup.
Understanding When and How to Prepare for Removal
A healthcare provider typically removes a nephrostomy tube once the underlying issue causing the urinary blockage has resolved. This often occurs when kidney function has recovered, an obstruction is cleared, an infection has resolved, or a ureteral stent has been successfully placed to allow internal drainage. The duration a tube remains in place varies, ranging from a few days to several months, depending on the individual’s condition.
Before the removal appointment, patients should discuss any questions or concerns with their healthcare provider. Review current medications, especially blood thinners, as specific instructions may be given about their use. Follow any dietary or fluid restrictions provided by the medical team.
The Removal Procedure Explained
Nephrostomy tube removal is a quick, straightforward procedure, often performed in an outpatient clinic. A urologist, interventional radiologist, or specialized nurse typically performs the removal. Patients usually lie on their back or side.
The area around the tube insertion site is cleaned. A local anesthetic may be injected to numb the skin, though many patients report little pain and may not require it. The healthcare provider then releases any securing stitches or adhesive devices holding the tube in place. In some cases, a thin wire may be inserted down the tube, and imaging techniques like X-ray may be used to confirm proper internal drainage before the tube is withdrawn.
The tube is gently pulled out, a process that usually takes only a few seconds. Patients commonly report feeling a slight pulling or mild pressure, but it is generally not painful. The entire removal process is often completed within minutes.
After the Tube is Removed: Care and Recovery
Immediately after removal, a sterile dressing is applied to cover the small skin opening. This dressing helps protect the area and absorb any minor drainage. The former tube site may leak a small amount of urine or fluid for up to 24 hours, but this is typically minimal and temporary.
Keep the dressing dry for a day or two, changing it as instructed. Keep the skin around the site clean and dry to promote healing. Mild discomfort, soreness, or bruising at the site is common and can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain medication.
Most individuals can resume light activities the same day. Avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, bathing, or swimming for a few days to a week to allow the site to close and reduce infection risk. The skin opening typically closes within several hours to a few days.
Recognizing When to Contact Your Doctor
After nephrostomy tube removal, monitor the insertion site and your general health for signs requiring medical attention. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience a fever (above 100°F or 38°C) or chills, as these could indicate infection.
Other concerning symptoms include increased redness, swelling, or pus-like drainage at the site. Persistent or severe pain not relieved by medication, significant bleeding, or any new, unexplained symptoms also warrant a call to your doctor. A noticeable decrease in urine output or urine that becomes dark, cloudy, or foul-smelling also warrants medical evaluation.