A yeast infection, or candidiasis, occurs when Candida, a naturally present yeast, overgrows on the body. This common fungal infection often affects the vaginal area. While typically not serious, it can cause significant discomfort and is treatable. Understanding its symptoms helps in seeking timely relief.
The Signature Itch and Burning Sensation
The most characteristic sensations associated with a yeast infection are intense itching and a persistent burning feeling. The itching, medically termed pruritus, can range from mild irritation to a severe urge to scratch. This sensation often worsens during the night or after urination, creating substantial discomfort.
The constant itching can lead to further irritation and, in some cases, pain from scratching. This intense urge to scratch can make daily activities challenging and disrupt sleep.
Alongside the itching, a burning sensation is also commonly experienced. This can manifest as a stinging or scalding feeling, particularly noticeable during urination (dysuria) or sexual activity. The burning may also be a constant background discomfort, contributing to an overall feeling of irritation in the affected area.
Additional Physical Manifestations and Discomfort
Beyond the itch and burn, a yeast infection often presents with other physical signs that contribute to discomfort. Vaginal discharge typically appears thick, white, and often resembles cottage cheese. This discharge usually lacks a strong odor, but its texture can lead to a feeling of wetness and irritation in the vaginal area.
The vulva and vagina may also show visible signs of inflammation, appearing red and swollen (erythema and edema). This physical swelling and redness can result in tenderness, soreness, or puffiness, making the area sensitive to touch or pressure.
Soreness or pain, particularly during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia), is also common. General soreness around the vulva can make sitting or walking uncomfortable. In some cases, irritation and scratching can lead to small cracks or a rash on the vulvar skin, intensifying the discomfort.
When to Consult a Healthcare Professional
Consult a healthcare professional in several situations regarding a yeast infection. If it is your first time experiencing symptoms, a medical diagnosis is important to confirm the condition and rule out other issues. This is especially true if symptoms are severe or do not improve after over-the-counter treatments.
Seeking medical advice is also recommended for recurrent infections (four or more in a single year). Underlying health conditions like pregnancy, a weakened immune system, or uncontrolled diabetes necessitate professional guidance, as these can complicate treatment.
Atypical symptoms, such as a strong or unusual odor, a different discharge color, or fever, could indicate another infection requiring specific medical attention. A healthcare provider can diagnose the cause of symptoms and recommend the most effective treatment plan, ensuring proper care.