The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ situated beneath the liver in the upper right side of the abdomen. Its primary function involves storing and concentrating bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. When food, particularly fats, enters the small intestine, the gallbladder releases this concentrated bile to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.
Key Indicators of Inflammation
Inflammation of the gallbladder, known as cholecystitis, often manifests with a sudden, intense pain in the upper right side of the abdomen. This pain can be sharp, severe, or cramping, and it may radiate to the right shoulder or back. Breathing deeply can sometimes worsen the discomfort. Unlike other abdominal pains, this pain is typically persistent and does not subside within a few hours.
A common pattern of pain associated with gallbladder issues is called biliary colic. This episodic pain usually occurs when a gallstone temporarily blocks the cystic duct. The pain often intensifies after meals, especially those high in fat, because the gallbladder contracts to release bile, increasing pressure against the blockage. The discomfort from biliary colic can build steadily to a peak before gradually fading, lasting from 30 minutes to several hours.
Accompanying Signs and Symptoms
Beyond the primary abdominal pain, gallbladder inflammation can present with several other noticeable signs. Nausea and vomiting are frequently reported alongside the pain. These digestive disturbances can occur due to inflammation or blockage in the biliary system.
A fever, sometimes accompanied by chills, can also develop with an inflamed gallbladder. This indicates a significant inflammation or infection. Additionally, some individuals may experience jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Jaundice can occur if a gallstone moves and blocks the common bile duct, preventing bile from flowing properly from the liver.
When to Seek Medical Care
Persistent or worsening abdominal pain, particularly if it lasts longer than a few hours, warrants immediate evaluation. A high fever, chills, or the development of jaundice are also serious indicators that require urgent medical care.
Inability to keep fluids down due to severe nausea and vomiting is another reason to seek professional help. Any sudden, severe discomfort in the upper right abdomen requires medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications.