Braces are a common orthodontic treatment that helps align teeth and improve bite function. Understanding the process of how braces are attached can help alleviate any concerns about the procedure. This article will explain the components of traditional braces and detail the step-by-step attachment process.
Key Components of Braces
Traditional fixed braces consist of several interconnected parts that guide teeth into their correct positions. The primary anchors are the brackets, small, square-shaped pieces often made of metal or ceramic, bonded directly to the front surface of each tooth. These brackets act as handles, controlling tooth movement.
In some cases, particularly for stronger anchorage around the back molars, orthodontists may use orthodontic bands. These are thin metal rings that fit around the molars and are cemented in place. Threaded through the slots in the brackets is the archwire, a thin metal wire that connects all the brackets and applies continuous, gentle pressure to move the teeth.
To secure the archwire within the bracket slots, small elastic bands called ligatures are used. These ligatures are changed at each adjustment appointment. The entire system is held onto the teeth using a bonding adhesive, a dental cement that creates a strong connection between the brackets and the tooth enamel.
The Step-by-Step Attachment Process
The process of attaching braces takes about one to two hours, ensuring each component is precisely placed for effective treatment. The procedure begins with thorough preparation of the teeth; the orthodontist cleans and dries each tooth surface to ensure it is free of plaque and tartar, which is essential for a strong bond. Next, a mild acidic solution is applied to the enamel, a process called etching. This etching microscopically roughens the tooth surface, creating tiny pores that enhance the mechanical retention of the bonding adhesive.
After etching, the teeth are rinsed and dried to prepare them for the bonding agent. A primer or bonding agent is then applied to the etched tooth surface, which helps create a chemical link between the tooth and the adhesive. Dental cement is then applied to the back of each bracket, and the brackets are precisely positioned on the teeth.
Once the brackets are in place, a special light is used to cure the dental cement, permanently bonding the brackets to the teeth. If orthodontic bands are needed, they are fitted and cemented around the molars at this stage. The archwire is then threaded through the slots of all the attached brackets. Ligatures are used to secure the archwire to each bracket, completing the initial brace attachment.
Immediate Post-Attachment Experience
Immediately after braces are attached, it is common to experience some initial discomfort, such as mild soreness or pressure on the teeth and gums. This sensation subsides within a few days to a week as the mouth adjusts to the new appliance. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage this discomfort.
Dietary adjustments are necessary during the first few days. Soft foods are recommended, such as soups, mashed potatoes, yogurt, and scrambled eggs, as they require less chewing and reduce pressure on the braces. Foods that are hard, sticky, or chewy, like nuts, hard candies, popcorn, and chewing gum, should be avoided as they can damage the braces or get stuck.
Maintaining oral hygiene is important with braces. Food particles can easily get trapped around the brackets and wires, so brushing after every meal is advised. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste, along with tools like floss threaders or interdental brushes to clean between teeth and around the braces.
Rinsing with warm salt water can help soothe any irritation or minor sores that may develop from the brackets or wires rubbing against the cheeks and lips. Orthodontic wax can be applied to parts of the braces causing irritation to provide a smoother surface. Regular follow-up appointments with the orthodontist are scheduled to monitor progress and make necessary adjustments to the braces.